53 comments on I guess this is discourse...? (or Levitt of Freakonomics on today's Maass piece)
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53 comments on I guess this is discourse...? (or Levitt of Freakonomics on today's Maass piece)
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But, the means of sustaining global industrial capitalism have, at tehir root been fueled these 200 year or so by one main energy source: sun-light that as been processed and stored by carbon-based life over the millenia (yes??). First wood, then coal, then oil were disovered to be great energy storage materials that could be processed and converted into the energy that has fueled unparalleled human growth and technological imporvements.
Well folks, what large reservoir of energy is there after oil? Short answer: none, nada, nim, nunca, nothing! You can dream all you want about solar powered hovercraft and matter-energy transporters that run on pig shit and corn cobs. Ain't gonna happen. There simply isn't enough energy (BTU for BTU) to replace all that that has been stored over the millenia by quadrillions of life forms living, taking in the sun, and leaving behind their remains.
So, happy sunshine people. How about we think about a world of less. And figure out ways to prepare people for declining fortunes and increased hardships. Sorry Ianqui, it'd be great if you or the next generation just had to suffer a few years before a new even better energy age came about. But unless you can figure out a way to replace all those lost BTU's RIGHT NOW, the future ain't so bright. Preparing the kids to deal with that possibility might be better then promising heaven on earth after a few years in purgatory.
Those who think we can endlessly improve efficiency on a global scale, please: It hasn't happened yet in 200 years (in terms of total BTU's consumed). It's not going to happen ever...
I can get frustrated with "no problem" economists, the ones who only want to talk about the invisible hand, and end their essays before they have to say what fills that hand. I am frustrated by "solutions to be named later."
At the same time, I do think we have existing technologies to carry world populations through to a slightly different life. I don't see the need to call that life "less" or "lower" in any sense. Happiness is not indexed to energy consumption anyway.
Use as much geothermal, wind, and solar power as you can. Pick up the rest with coal and nukes. Use coal-to-liquids to power trucks and heavy equipment, and let the people drive little electric cars. Mass transit gets a lease on life. It all works. It isn't the same as freezing in a cold house or bicycling in the rain.
I just (as I say) get frustrated with those who imply the "invisible hand" will be holding a mystery fuel for our SUVs.
They claim that observations within the real world validate their model.
This is the point, however; where I see their "invisible hand" playing dirty tricks. It covers up the fantasy third, all seeing eye on top of the foreheads of econmists and pretends that well documented failures of "the market" never happened. In other words, see no evil and the evil does not exist.
By contrast, for a true scientist, even a single lab experiment that proves the model to be in error, trumps the model. Not so in the wonderful world of economics. Every failure can be erased through "rationalization". The tulips never happened. Easter Island never happened. The dot.com bust never happened. Economists proclaiming how the internet will single handidly carry the world in to the next paradise, that did not happen either. It is an infallible science because all its fallibles are conveniently marked down in price and ultimately erased with the faded memories of each new, gullible generation. (Yes you 20 year olds out there, who have no real life memory of the 1973 oil shock. It happened. People shot each other at gas stations. Anything it takes, is done to get the fluid of our addiction.)
Let's start with the most fundamental feature of micro-economics: a willing, able, and knowledgeable seller (S) meets with a willing, able, and knowledgeable buyer (B) in a pool of similarly situated actors, S2, B2, S3, B3, etc.
The buyer (B) and seller (s) negotiate, each in his own interest (using the aid of the invisible hand covering up the invisible 3rd eye), and they ultimately settle on a fair "price".
This microscopic act is repeated many times. Zoom the microscope back to a macroscopic view of the Petri dish, and suddenly you are face to face with this fuzzy wuzzy thing called "the market". With all the germ like actors digging away down there (S1 thru Sn AND B1 thru Bs), each in their own best interest, a magical force takes hold of the Petri dish and miraculously the Petri dish is levitated to a higher plane of consciousness, of intelligent design consciousness. We call this magical force that lifts the Petri dish, "the invisible hand". We call its intelligently created consciousness, "the wisdom of the markets".
No one sees the "invisible hand". But just like the Emperor's clothes, trust us, it's there. And if you can not see it, surely you are neither as wise nor as patriotic as the degree carrying professors that do see it. Ditto for "the wisdom of the markets".
OK. So remember we said it all starts with:
(1) a willing, able, and knowledgeable seller (S), and
(2) a willing, able, and knowledgeable buyer (B)
Well what if one of those 6 assumptions is not true?
What if the seller is not able to provide the oil?
What if the buyer (Joe Public) has no knowledge of the impending Peak Oil (PO) situation?
Does the seller of an SUV tell the buyer about PO? Duh, NO.
Does the buyer buy the SUV? Duh, Yeh.
Are the markets wise?
We just report ... YOU decide.
An Alabama gas station owner was killed while trying to stop a driver from leaving without paying for 52 dollars worth of gas.
Witnesses told police that the owner of Fort Payne Texaco "grabbed onto a vehicle" Friday as it drove off.
http://www.kbcitv.com/x5154.xml?ParentPageID=x5155&ContentID=x51828&Layout=KBCI.xsl&AdGr oupID=x5154&URL=http://localhost/apwirefeed/d8c4chm00.xml&NewsSection=NationalHeadlines
In a real energy shortage the investments will collapse. The energy efficiency will not increase but deteriorate. Old vehicles and machines will be used longer. Maintenenace will suffer. Lots of energy "stored" in the infrastructure will be lost. There will not be enough resources available for transition to the alternatives. Technology doesn't help without investments. The world will see a long period of negative growth.
The world will not end. The world "we" in the developed world know will end, but not the world "they", the rest of the world population, know. "We" will only learn to know "their" world better. My point is that there is a lot of experience in the world about living with less energy. If we want to know what happens after the Peak Oil and how to cope with it, we should look at that.
That's electric, not thermal.
There are some things you need chemical stuff for, but with enough electric or thermal energy you can make it from other things. I fail to see why we have to get used to "a world of less" instead of a world of "more from that other thing".
We didn't run out of light when depletion of whales led to "peak spermaceti", either.
$300 per peak watt? No, it's somewhat better than that: ^_^;
WindPower.org places it at " 1,000 Dollars per Kilowatt Average" That's about $1 per watt
Either the present world equates cost to value or it does not.
Either the present world has a lower cost associated with oil in the near past or not.
If the world equates money to value, and oil has been priced cheap VS other power sources, then are not consumer goods set at a lower price when oil is abnormally cheap?
Your "vision" (wishfull thinking really) is that economic growth and more goods will exist with MORE economically expensive energy.
So, please explain how, when long-long-term renewables like oil/coal become priced like short term renewables (wind,solar,hydro,1 growing season or less crop mass) how consumer goods are going to be the same or less priced than when oil was abnormally cheap?
I'm sure everyone is awaiting your wis-dum.
Some thoughts.
I agree with most of your post. Especially about economists being confident (to the point of religeous) that the markets will adapt and correct for peak oil. I also agree that the human race has been over utilizing stored energy for hundreds of years.
I had a long and useful discussion with a good friend recently who happens to be a financial whiz. He firmly believes that the markets will balance supply and demand but that it will be painful for some individuals at first and maybe all of us eventually. His statements were that people will begin to do everything they can to reduce and eventually stop using oil, especially for transportation. I left him pondering if capitalism can survive without growth.
My questions to all at this site are this. Is it possible to reduce demand on fossil fuels enormously by taking all the luxury uses out of the equation? I am not that old but my father grew up with horse power and no electricity. People did things at a slower pace and they were extremely ingenious in using mechanical advantage. He lived through the depression, is still alive today and very frugal in his use of internal combustion power.
My perspective today is that most people waste energy doing almost everything. Most of our gasoline and diesel is burned for LUXURY WANTS not true NEEDS. Even farming is not energy use optimized. It is TIME optimized so that fewer people can farm the most acres.
Can we as a society figure out what the true needs are for burning oil? Can we ratchet back our luxury consumption to such a point that we might be able to substitute something else which has less energy density than oil? Can we get so efficient with mass transportation that we can move large weights of material using a small amout of energy?
A few generations ago people were using wind to move goods and pump water. But they had no storage devices for excess wind or solar. It was a use it or lose it on a daily basis. Do we have greater knowledge now to capture a bit more energy daily for later uses?
I completely agree that modern society can not exist much longer. The question I can't answer is can the majority of us survive at all after peak oil to transition to something else? Because the economists might be right on a time span of 100 years if the population crashes. But I'd rather my family not be part of that crash.
I lived through the 70's energy crunch so I know what lack of supply does to people. But will peak oil kill supply quick or slowly starve us for energy allowing us to choose between wants and needs when it comes to fossil fuel use?
These are the questions I can't answer about peak oil because I don't know how steep the back side of the curve will be.
Comments anyone?
As far as who survives, I think Asians, Europeans and even Africans should worry about China and/or India. Maybe they could threaten Australia, too. They could assemble very large land armies, but I can't see them putting together enough of a navy to get past ours to the Americas.
Americans should worry about each other. Many of us are armed, and many feel entitled to take what they want.
Of course if nuclear weapons are used, we're all hosed.
I think that people will survive, even thrive. But I cannot see population continuing to increase at the same pace without the support of cheap oil. I don't think metropolitan cities will look the same - maybe mutated into some form using electricity but resembling the early 1930's in terms of transportation. I cannot see how jet airlines will survive the transition at current people-moving levels - trains are the logical replacement.
But your point about massive energy use actually replacing TIME - that is very valid. I think the time issue can be dealt with via internet and telephone for communications, but that we will have to accept increased travel time and other such "time expense" due to the future expense of oil.
I'm going to think about the time issue some more.
This is not necessarily bad - slowing the clock down a little makes people nicer and less harried. IMO, it provides a better quality of life.