Of course, going down the food chain--corn + beans instead of meat--will help.

In any case, I recommend that everyone assume:  (1)  a 50% cut in your income and (2)  at least a 100% increase in food and energy prices.  I also strongly recommend that everyone look into working for, or becoming, a provider of essential goods and services.

One thing that will help is to increase the number of livestock being raised on pasture grass instead of grain fed feedlots.
This would give a much healthier meat and supply meat with a much lower (oil) energy input.
Part of the problem with this is that there are almost no fences left in farm country. Next time you drive around farm country watch carefully for how many fields have fences. And fences are an expensive 50 year investment. Farmers aren't going to make that investment until they are sure it is going to pay off. Further, financing the 50 year investment in fences is somewhat of a problem in that you have a very high initial investment that will not return any profit for 5+ years. (time required to put up fence, renovate pasture grasses and start breeding up a cattle herd).
We would get more from government farm programs if they would initiate some type of finance plan to cover this type of time lagged investment on the farm. But as it doesn't benefit the large factory farming businesses I doubt you will see anything like it until the oil crisis/depression hits.
Meat could get very expensive during the transion from feedlot farming to pasture farming.
I would expect that a lot of cities are going to have to modify their "no livestock in the city" provisions to permit chickens (no roosters! <BG>), rabbits, etc... so that people can raise some of their own meat and eggs even in the city (using a lot of their waste food products)
The development of the miniature breeds of both dairy and beef cattle should even make it possible for people with only a large lot to raise their own beef. Miniature cattle are generally 36 to 42 inches high at the sholders and cows go about 650 pounds and bulls/steers about 800 pounds. Steaks, roasts and other cuts are more family size instead of the giant cuts from a full size steer. One miniature steer provides about the right amount of beef for one family for 1 year and they get all the different cuts from the carcass instead of only some from a 1/4 or 1/2 of a full size steer. Minaiture Jerseys give about 1 gallon of milk a day - just about right for a family with any excess going to raise a steer for beef.
Fences can be grown as well as built. This is a technique typically used in most developing countries. Only a rich westerner would consider building a fence around a large piece of property. Pick a non edible tree/bush that grows in your climate, plant a hedge, and wait 3 years. This may be difficult in a very cold climate unless you can find a non edible evergreen that can grow in a hedge, but there are many places in the U.S. where a living fence would be a very reasonable solution.
I love the idea of natural fences - both to keep in the critters and keep out the Riff-Raff (e.g. graffiti 'artists') even in Urban areas:

"Trials in the designing out of graffiti and flyposting have been carried out in areas where large expanses of wall/fence attract vandals. This involved the use ... planting of natural screening i.e. thorn bushes or fast growing large shrubs. The scheme is to expand during 2003 to minimise the potential for large-scale graffiti and vandalism."

http://www.bexley.gov.uk/service/environ/graffiti.html

I understand the comment about roosters - they crow! But how do these people obtain replacement chickens - shipped from a commercial hatchery somewhere? (That's why I have 6 roosters...)
I keep my rooster in a box in the cellar at night and let him out at 9 am every morning--hoping to avoid the wrath of the neighbors.  He services 3 mature hens and two pullets are growing.  
What do you mean "no livestock" in cities? I live currently in an apartment where I'm one of 3 tenants with no livestock. The rest have head of livestock known as dogs. Carnivorous, they are very inefficient at converting waste food to meat, hence deterring their use as livestock per se.

While not useful as food, dogs, at least huskies, can be used as draft animals. With a suitable harness on the Siberian Husky and its user, the user wearing Rollerblades suddenly becomes one efficient animal-drawn vehicle with most of the mass being payload and "engine". This method of transportation is PERFECT if you work in a really pet friendly workplace. Use a backpack to haul small amounts of freight.

Several dog breeds are quite useful as draft animals. St Bernards and Newfoundlands both can outpull a Husky. Saints regularly pull 10-12 times their own weight in pulling contests. This is around a ton of concrete blocks on a sled on dirt with no wheels! What's more they love to do it. Bernese and Greater Swiss are also traditionally used as draft animals.
So, a St. Bernard is the dog to use as a draft animal. I suppose you could cut the dog's hair to compensate for summer heat. (any breed) In Illinois animal-propelled vehicles are legal without a license due to a small number of Amish types.

You'd still need a pet friendly workplace to "park" your dog by your desk. It sure wouldn't be nice if the workplace merely had a kennel as a "stable" as you work.

I have four huskies that pull a racing sled in the winter, which is a little like vehicle racing with the accelerator nailed to the floor. I wouldn't dream of using one to pull me on rollerblades in other seasons as that would be a recipe for broken bones, especially in the city. Using a scooter with one dog is much safer as the rider can jump off if necessary (by which I mean plant their feet on terra firma while still holding on to the scooter and attached dog). I wouldn't do it in a built-up area though - there are too many distractions that could cause a husky to shift direction abruptly. Training helps obviously, but even well-trained huskies have a mind of their own.

Huskies were bred for food-efficient pulling power and so could be very useful for getting around in winter if the roads were no longer plowed. (The inevitable falls hurt much less if one is landing on snow.) For summer pulling on rollerblades I'd recommend a breed which is more likely to have the word 'stop' in its mental vocabulary. Also, choosing a breed less likely to overheat in summer would be advisable. Huskies spend most of their time sleeping when it's hot.  

Since coyotes are a problem in my area, my chickens(20 hens in addition to the 6 roosters) are closed up in a very secure shed at night with metal skirting and hardee borad on the interior walls and floor. This enables me to keep down the noise until I let them out in the morning, but I do that around 7 AM. Where I live was all farmland when I moved here hence my agricultural zoning. However all the farms around me have sprouted MacMansions and there is no other livestock for miles....
Being a cook is an excellent career path.

Cooks understand food.

Cooks know where to get food, how to judge its quality, what it is worth and how to make a feast for a few dollars.

I began my study of cookery at age three and one half, as a sort of informal apprentice to the Great Chef, Cecil Laventhol. Were I to get any encouragement whatsoever, I will post a poem on this experience that was so important to making me who I am.

BTW, Cecil's grandchildren are alive and well and run the best family Jewish deli west of Chicago, namely, Cecil's in St. Paul, near the campus of St. Catherine's College. Some of the recipes are identical to those my father taught Cecil (and that he, in turn, learned from his mother and grandmother) back in the 1940s. Cecil's has changed almost not at all since 1949, and you still have to go through the kitchen to get to the restrooms. And why not? It's all family there . . . though now the "family" includes people of all ethnicities and colors.

Those trying to lose weight should not visit Cecil's. I once took a slender woman friend there: She thought she had died and gone to heaven . . . weight up several pounds now;-)

Please do post the poem.  I for one, would like to read it.  I am pretty passionate about food, and cook part time in a restaurant.  I also have become a "master gardener", as designated by the state of vermont.  Many states have similar programs.  I've been experimenting in the kitchen using only ingredients I can grow and buy locally (excepting salt and pepper).  Seems like a practical use of time at this point...
There's a great new book about local, seasonal cuisine by a chef who knows about Peak Oil.  

Try Jessica Prentice's "Full Moon Feast."  

Beautifully written and full of good advice and seasonal recipies for North America.

last revised 3 April 2003

     Cecil's Kitchen

When I was a kid my favorite hangout
was Cecil's kitchen at the Commodore
Hotel which Dad managed and owned
Therefore I was a privileged child.

Cecil was fun to watch and Minnie too
They worked hard and long hours
Cecil never sat down and often
Worked from sunup to past my bedtime
When hundreds came for a banquet.

I loved banquets because there were
Always leftovers of yummy things
And if I'd been good and quiet and
No trouble at all, then I'd get some.

It was hard not to ask questions
Especially when three or four
Years old and there are so many
fascinating things and activities.

If there was a time when the kitchen
Was quiet--early morning was best
I'd ask something that I had to know
Such as, "Cecil, how do you know
When a knife is sharp enough?"

Cecil spend a lot of time sharpening
and honing his knives and cleaver
But he'd sharpen the same knife
Several times a day and I wondered
How sharp is sharp enough.

I have been wondering about
Deep Questions for a long time
And this was an Important Question
To which Cecil had the answer:

"The knife is sharp enough when
You can do this," he said as he
Plucked a hair from my head and
Barely touched it to the blade
An inch of hair floats to the floor.

Wonderful

Cecil enjoyed his work Because
He was absolute master in his
Kitchen and Because everybody knew
He was one of the best chefs
In St. Paul and some thought the
Very best.

Sometimes customers asked Cecil
To come out of the kitchen
And go to their table so they could
Thank him and give compliments.

He would tell the waiter
To say he was too busy
But that he appreciated
the compliment and if the waiter
came back a second time with
The message that the customer
Insisted on seeing Cecil, then he would straighten his hat
And go out to talk with the customers
He liked that.

Nobody dissed Cecil
Because he was the best
He would examine a delivery
Of food to be Sure it was the Best.

Woe struck anybody who did
Not give him the Best whether
It was vegetables or Hard Work
In his kitchen

Because

He had a temper and you did
Not want to see him angry

Once I saw him throw an old
Cleaver to stick deep in a breadboard or something
That was nailed up to the wall way
Across the kitchen Because
Something not perfect made him so
Angry he had to cleave the board instead of the one who let him down.

Terrifying

But usually
If anything was not right
Then Cecil would call for Dad
Who listened to every word
And then did whatever Cecil wanted
Right away.

Because
My father made the Commodore
Profitable
After many losing years.

I knew Cecil was the key person
Who brought regular customers who
Also told their friends about the
Great Food which I knew was great.

The aromas were delicious and
From my little nook--sort of a
Top shelf with rarely used supplies
Under my short feet that dangled
A foot above the floor.

I watched and watched and listened
And enjoyed the smells the scrumptious
Odors and also the beautiful plates of food
Just before the waiters took them out.

And
I learned a lot
Because I'm a good
Listener and also Observant
But mostly because
I Pondered for hours on end as to
What things mean and which
Questions were intelligent enough to ask when Cecil was not very busy

Cecil was God in His kitchen

And
He liked me.

That was fun.
Thank you.
I Second westtex's recommendations - especially finding a niche in essential goods and services.  Slowly adapting to a lower consumption-based lifestyle now and talking classes on essentials (like alternative energies) will help ease your family's personal transition when the Serial Depressions begin.  

AND you will gain Great Good Will in your community by helping neighbors who are not nearly as prepared for the changes Peak Energy and Matter will force us.

i'm dabbling in a little bit of hand powered wood working.
probibly not the best but it's fun.
I applaud the timely post form westexas a couple of days ago, to the effect that all TODers should "get into the non-discretionary ecxonomy as soon as possible".  Prices of dicretionary items could soon be unaffordable - people selling them will have no buyers.  Non-discretionary goods will go up to, but at least people will have no choice about whether to buy them.  Think: selling near to source; low energy goods; things people need every day; organic foods.  

Also on the health front, people will HAVE to eat healthier food as expensive pharmaceuticals and interventions to treat heat disease, diabeties, etc., will decline in availability.  As mentioned here before, the "die-off" in developed countries will come from the chronically ill and those prone to such illness, who can no longer be kept alive by state-funded interventions.  In UK at least, this is de facto the case to a small extent now, as many people die on waiting lists for chronic illness treatment.  After around 2010, expect it to be widespread.

Thinking about other essential jobs; tho' they may be particularly for the 'transitional' period out of oil..

Teachers, both for the 'basics' and the 'back to basics' courses.

Mechanics.. still and always a lot of machinery to keep running.  The local welder and (smith?) will be especially in demand when you can less afford to 'toss and replace' everything cheaply..

Plumbers and Electricians.  Particularly in installing solar water heating and PV and Wind power.. (Emergency Generators with switchovers for a while yet.)

(Keeping what wheels we've got rolling is going to be critical, particularly for food production and transp)

Law enforcement - tho' we might see a resurgence of 'Civil Defense' activities, too.

Skilled Laborers-  Trades  (From assembly work, food service to computer repair/IT)

"Teachers, both for the 'basics' and the 'back to basics' courses."  Funny you should say that, jokuhl.  I am a "teacher" at a university, but I think a lot of the courses at mine won't long survive.  I don't think there will be too much demand for courses in "event lighting", sociology, sports studies, etc.  However, I've been thinking of doing what you suggest, elsewhere.
There will be demand for Poly Sci teachers as long as we have government of the lawyers, by the lawyers and for the lawyers.

There will be some demand for humanities and easy social sciences such as sociology so long as there is any aristocracy of wealth--mostly at hyper-expensive private schools, however.

I taught a course in cowboy action shooting once. So much fun! So practical--almost as useful as my Personal Finance course;-)

Gristmill made a great catch, a paper on the total energy impacts of bicycling for transportation.  The punchline is that we bicyclists use less oil for transportation but: (1) eat more, and (2) live longer ;-)  Those two factors might offset the gasoline savings.

http://gristmill.grist.org/story/2006/7/18/114410/016

A good, funny, paper.  One tidbit:

Sedentary individuals are likely to have higher levels of body fat than fit individuals. When a sedentary person engages in cycling and reduces fat stores, there will be a one-time recovery of the energy value of the fat (Higgins and Higgins, 2005).
And another thing about cyclists: The extra food used comes at the price of 10 calories of oil to the calorie of edible petroleum product aka food. Consider this fact. Walking 1 mile (or running it) burns 100 Calories. A gallon of gas has 30,000 (very inedible) Calories. A pedestrian gets the equivalent of 300mpg. BUT when you take into account the 10-1 Calorie ratio between oil and food, the pedestrian suddenly gets 30mpg - barely better than my Kia Rio's 25mpg! (that's real-life mpg, not EPA mpg)

Permaculture farming can sure improve the "mpg" of walking or cycling of course. As an aside, guess how schoolkids in Kenya commute to school. They run the whole way and back! They are too poor to buy a bike let alone have a mon use an SUV. That is why so many marathoners are from Kenya. It's their equivalent to the Sunday drive! Alas, commuting by running will impose a LOT of wear and tear on knees and hip joints as you pile up the miles. The knee replacement costs would be horrific! (and knee replacements would need replacable lubricated bearings to hold up for that type of commuting)

You started talking about cyclists, then switched to running and walking. Calories burned per mile for the average cyclist is probably no more than 30. Being a runner and a cyclist, I can definitely attest to the fact that cycling takes way less energy, at least on the average road that one is likely to encounter in the typical city.

You also need to consider the emobodied energy of the auto -- unless, of course, you just consider that a sunk cost.

Also, you need to consider whether the runner/walker is a vegan or a meat eater.  I've seen estimates that being a vegan vs. a meat eater saves 1.5 times the GHG of an SUV vs. a Prius.

Consider, also where the food is grown, how far from the consumer, whether the consumer mostly buys locally grown foods, and whether the food grown is organic.

Also consider what would happen if we truly made a large scale transition from an auto dominated to a pedestrian/bicyclist society -- at least in the cities. Road s would be narrower and require way less maintenance  in the form of expensive oil based asphalt and other energy intensive maintenance activities, not  to mention the fact that cities would be more compact requiring less distance traveled.

Consider, also, that the walking or bicycling is necessary, anyway, for an individual to maintain health.  If you would otherwise drive to the health club, the real net energy for walking or bicyling might be zero. I know when I used to bike to work, I did it as a substitute for exercise I would have done, anyway.

And what about all the energy for all the health care saved. I wonder how energy intensive the health care industry is. One could start by considering all that stuff, including a lot of plastic, they use and throw away.

Getting more cars off the road would also increased the efficiency of those on the road because of less traffic jams.

 

I agree in principle to the calorie conversion, 30 walking mpg.

My only defense is that those upstream calories are based on averages, and that we can beat the averages by shopping carefully.  I'd expect my canister of rolled oats to do better on an "upstream fossil fuel use per food calorie" than a stop at McDonald's.

We should try to combine biking/walking with best practices on the culinary side.

P.S. - I put just a dribble of maple syrup on my oatmeal ... but man talk about a terrible EROEI, boiling down all that sap :-(

I try to get the worst possible EROEI when making my maple syrup.

  1. No power tools used for anything
  2. Wood is cut with axe and Swede saw
  3. Wood is split with 12 lb. Monster Maul
  4. Wood is stacked by hand
  5. When my friends come to help me with the sugaring, we eat huge fantastic wonderful and outrageous amounts of rich food.
I mentioned that the oil conversion factor with the Calories. It's fully true that you can carefully select foods with the best oil > food conversion rates i.e. local-grown organic veganism. With 30 Calories/mile that would end up being a cyclist's mpg equivalent being 1,000mpg until you factor in oil > food conversion of the agriculture.

We hear "experts" nag us all trying to get us all to exercise. The suggestion of 1/2 hour 3 times a week just wouldn't burn many Calories. You'd be better off with a desk job (like programming) and commute by running and living 5 miles away. A job where you're on your feet all day doesn't burn hardly anything yet you get every mile's worth of bodily wear and tear plus you'd have too many aches to commute by running.

The obesity problem boils down to too many Calories in the food, to the point that portion control becomes a sick joke. Maybe we overweight people need to allay hunger pangs with Haitian mud pies just to fill you up. Some "foods" with a way less than unity of metabolisable EROEI would help dieters. I bet the mud pies would be awful gritty no matter the spices used. Exercise alone would not cut it unless you train for marathons or commute by running.