140 comments on Saudi Arabia - opening the tap?
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140 comments on Saudi Arabia - opening the tap?
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GAIA Host Collective
Since my recent post on the Drumbeat thread seems pertinent, a version of it follows:
We have had a fair amount "inside baseball" discussions of monthly production data and peaks versus annual average, which of course is pretty much irrelevant in the grand scheme of things, but a lot of cornucopians want to use monthly data to show that the Peak Oilers are wrong about a near term peak. BTW, as a near term peaker, who supports Deffeyes' logistic (HL) estimate, I have been accused of "Killing the Peak Oil Movement" all by myself. Who knew I wielded such vast power?
In any case, one point that is easy to overlook is that the HL method is best used to estimate the area under a production rate versus time curve, i.e., the URR for a region--and not the production rate for a given year. For example In the following article (linked below), I showed how the HL method was quite accurate in predicting the respective post-1970 and post-1984 cumulative production for the Lower 48 and Russia, despite wildly different looking curves, but the point is that the models accurately predicted the areas under the respective curves (using data through 1970 and 1984 respectively to generate the models). The Lower 48 was relatively smooth, Russia had a sharp decline, followed by a rebound, and now their cumulative production has "caught up" to where is should have been, and their production decline has resumed (and exports are falling at a pretty brisk rate).
So, what about Saudi Arabia?
I don't have the projected HL based C+C decline rate for Saudi Arabia, but the P/Q intercept suggests that the decline rate will be less than Texas (-4%/year). Khebab shows a middle case of -2.7%/year for C+C+ NGL, so let's assume -3%/year.
The observed versus predicted C+C rates (assuming -3%/year) are as follows:
2005: 9.6 mbpd
2006: 9.2; 9.31 (predicted)
2007: 8.7; 9.03 (predicted)
2008: 9.2 (to date, EIA); 8.75 (predicted)
Through 2008, the cumulative difference between 9.6 mbpd and the predicted annual production rate for each year should be about 621 mb. The actual shortfall at the end of 2007 was 475 mb, which suggests that the 2008 shortfall (between 9.6 mbpd and actual) should be about 400,000 bpd, which suggests an annual production rate of about 9.2 mbpd. We shall see what happens in the second half of the year, but I expect to see annual average Saudi production in 2008 come in below their 2005 rate, and then resume a production decline in 2009.
BTW, this is not an ex post facto argument. In March, 2007, in response to a comment by Stuart that the Saudi production decline was below what the HL model predicted, I responded that I had been speculating about a rebound in production for that very reason (and I did say a sharp decline followed by a rebound to a level "well below the 2005 rate").
Finally, the monthly versus annual record keeping needs to be put in some kind of economic perspective. Let's assume a country that does 10 mbpd in January, and then 5 mbpd for the rest of the year. From the point of view of the oil consumers in the country, which number is more meaningful, the monthly peak of 10 mbpd or the annual average of 5.4 mbpd?
In Defense of the Hubbert Linearization Method (June, 2007)
http://graphoilogy.blogspot.com/2007/06/in-defense-of-hubbert-linearizat...
Westexas:
I think that the problem one always has in defining curves comes in the short term when there is some indication that the producer is holding back some supplies. In this particular case we know that the Saudi's have some problem in the short term in selling their heavier, sour crude, because of refining problems. This may well go away in the intermediate term (say around 2013) as they build their own refineries (for dealing with the oil from Manifa) and work with others to build other capable refineries elsewhere. There are thus some artificial factors that play into the game, and make accurate models of short-term capabilities difficult.
No argument from me (although I would argue that "difficult" is not the same as "impossible"), but we can also say that it is a near certainty that Saudi Arabia will show three straight years of annual production below their 2005 annual rate, at about the same stage of depletion that the prior swing producer, Texas, started declining.
Meanwhile, their consumption is currently going to "infinity and beyond," on track to double to 4 mbpd in 2015, from 2 mbpd in 2005, against a recent total liquids production rate of about 10 to 11 mbpd.
How much of the ~9 mbpd do you think is allocated to maintain the income of the Saudi upper class? Can they actually let the internal consumption go to 4 mbpd?
I have suggested Phase One and Phase Two declines. In Phase One, cash flow from export sales increases, because oil prices go up faster than net oil exports decline. In Phase Two, oil price increases can't offset the export declines. We would expect to see a positive feedback loop in Phase One.
Perhaps "Phase Two" should be split:
Phase 1: Revenues increase as prices rise faster than export declines.
Phase 2: Revenues decrease causing rate of domestic consumption increase to slow, but overall domestic consumption still increases; net exports decline at faster rate than geologically-driven decline.
Phase 3: Revenues decrease rapidly enough to cause overall domestic consumption to decline; net exports decline at a slower rate than geologically-driven decline.
I think that Phase Three would be the point at which a lot of remaining world trade consists of net energy exporters trading energy for food and other essential goods.
At what point do we think the UK will get to Phase 3?
The UK still has oil for a while, we could export again if we stopped consuming so much.
Maybe food is more important than oil - we might have to export oil just to get enough to eat if other countries won't loan us the money?
WT,
Howmuch of that 2MBD goes inot industrial production rather than consumption. I assume they produce most of there eelctricty with oil and have some sizables desal plants but aren't they also ramping up aluminimum production to value add to the oil? Is the expected exapansion of KSA consumption more to do with industrial growth rather than private consumption?
I would suggest that much of the KSA internal consumption that is for industrial purposes fuels economic growth in the Middle East and Asia. Therefore, the oil taken off the export market largely does not displace oil used elsewhere like OECD. US's problem caused by ELM is fueling the auto/truck/airplane based transportation system which consumes 3/4 of all oil and liquid fuels.
HO
This leads me to the most compelling reason for the oil price rise - the decline of light sweet. This is oft wrongly expressed in the MSM as a shortage of refinery capacity (It defies logic that the shortage of the ability to process a commodity would drive up the price of that commodity), so it is the shortage is of the "right" type of refining capacity.
Which then raises the question, how fast can "they" build/convert heavy sour capable refineries?
Because this in the medium term is going to be the driver of price, how fast the refining industry can adapt to the sweet/sour product mix. Of course this raises another issue, ie the refiners are not making any money as they are squeezed between supply misinformed govt/public, so why invest?
If as I suspect its will be an ongoing race and as the overall production cannot significantly rise (it will decline IMHO) one could characterize this behavior as "riding the submarine all the way to the bottom"
Neven
Different countries and companies have different regulations and permitting processes. But in most cases the lead time is several years, and then you have to be sure that there will be enough supply for a sufficient number of years to give you an acceptable return on the investment. For example if countries in the Middle East are building their own refineries to ship final product, rather than crude, then there is less economic incentive to build new refineries to handle lower quality crude in, say, the United States.
Also you have to be convinced that the spread between light and heavy will be large enough, long enough, to justify the investment.
You could at least use your vast powers to heal Ghawar. Or to give George Bush boils. Whichever is more convenient.
Well, since I--singlehandedly--have the power to kill entire movements, I was thinking of earning a living as a hired gun, a latter day Internet Paladin, so to speak, hired to kill Internet "movements."
Great!!! Could you kill PETA? I love munching on our furry friends.
"On December 14, 2001, Bush had four noncancerous skin lesions removed from his face. The Press learned of this only when Bush appeared before cameras with dark red spots on his face.
Commment: These are most likely actinic keratoses, as were the lesions removed from his face in August 2001, or perhaps basal cell carcinomas. Bush's father, George H. W. Bush, had a similar procedure 8 months later." http://www.lilith-ezine.com/articles/bushpads.html
http://en.rian.ru/business/20080620/111460751.html
Russian oil export falls 4.2% in Jan.-April, to 81.4 mln tons
Updated Saudi HL annual and monthly plots are both predicting Saudi Arabia URR of 185 Gb (Crude oil and lease condensate, excluding NGL; includes half of Neutral Zone). Saudi C&C production to Jun 2008 is estimated to be about 115 Gb, 62% URR depletion, and 70 Gb remaining.
Saudi Arabia (incl half of Neutral Zone) Annual HL Plot click to enlarge
Saudi Arabia (incl half of Neutral Zone) Monthly HL Plot click to enlarge
The URR prediction of 185 Gb is almost the same as the URR prediction of 186 Gb, made by Westexas and Khebab in March 2007.
source http://graphoilogy.blogspot.com/2007/03/could-saudi-arabia-be-more-than-...
Hubbert Linearization on Saudi Arabia (Crude oil + condensate) click to enlarge
For more info
http://www.theoildrum.com/node/4159/365498
http://www.theoildrum.com/node/4153/362113
Hello Ace,
Huge thnxs for all your work!
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aMTWS1Pzs0Jc&refer=home
------------------------
Saudi to Raise Oil Output 2% in July, Al-Naimi Says (Update1)
June 21 (Bloomberg) -- Saudi Arabia, which convenes a meeting of government and business leaders tomorrow to discuss world energy markets, will raise its oil output by 2 percent in July, the country's oil minister said.
The kingdom will add 200,000 barrels of oil to its daily production next month, taking its total to 9.7 million barrels a day, Ali al-Naimi told reporters in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia today. State-owned Saudi Aramco will soon add 500,000 barrels, or 4.6 percent, to the kingdom's total production capacity with its Khursaniyah field.
Saudi Proposal
A Saudi proposal, to be discussed at the meeting in Jeddah tomorrow, will seek measures against market speculators, Prince Abdulaziz Bin Salman, the kingdom's deputy oil minister, said in an interview published today in the Saudi newspaper Asharq al-Awsat.
``The governments have a role to play in regulating and restructuring the markets so that the speculators are forbidden from actions that caused oil prices to reach the current level,'' bin Salman said.
Saudi Arabia will present at the meeting a work document that outlines the reasons for the surge in oil prices, prepared in cooperation with the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and the International Energy Agency, the Saudi official said. ``It will be the only document that will be discussed.''
------------------------------
I sure hope this document will be released to the general public! Could we be in for some shattering news?
Bob Shaw in Phx,Az Are Humans Smarter than Yeast?
I just don't see what kind of measures they can take against the supposed 'speculators'.
How would OPEC punish them? What can they threaten to do? Will OPEC counter-intuitively cut their export output to a country where it feels speculators are too dominant, then not restore the flow until these 'speculators' are publicly identified and/or criminalized [alluded to by Westexas's earlier postings]? Or is this just another convenient cover for OPEC to hide declining production?
They are saying that governments around the world need to "temporarily" freeze capitalism on a product that has historically been allowed to be traded freely. That is what they will ask. In my opinion, if part of what causing escalating prices of crude is due to "speculators" (my opinion is perhaps 5-10%) then those "speculators" (who are smart, rich people) are making a pretty decent bet and are just speeding up the inevitable.
For KSA and other government leaders, they were somewhat blind-sided and unprepared for how fast the price jumped recently and want to slow down the escalation in price.