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320 comments on DrumBeat: October 15, 2008
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320 comments on DrumBeat: October 15, 2008
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GAIA Host Collective
I've actually never been to a community garden that didn't have a substantial portion of its plots devoted to local food banks, as well as plots in which low income households were enabled to grow their own. I agree with you that this helps, but we also need more community gardens, more gardens in general, better agricultural policies (right now, regional food banks are dependent on industrial agriculture and offer them tacit support, for fear that people will go hungry - setting agricultural activists and anti-poverty activists against each other on the subject of things like the farm bill, which is disastrous - we need not only more food for the poor, but better food policy so that there are fewer poor), more food and housing security (there is no incentive to plant gardens and fruit trees in houses you will be evicted from shortly) and a host of other major shifts. I know you know this, but it is worth re-articulating.
Food has got to get on the front burner, ahead of most other things. Because there are plenty of good mitigation strategies out there for transportation and a host of other things. But the only answer to the coming food crisis is radical transformation.
Sharon
You are absolutely right in my opinion. There is a problem, however, and that is that many of the people in need of food do not have the slightest idea of what to do with fresh produce.
Two generations of super-market food, agri-business, advertising, packaging, pre-prepared freezer food and a food stamp program that promotes all this (instead of the old commodities programs) -- plus, I imagine, growing homelessness which deprives people of cooking facilities has set the stage for a real disaster in the "developed" world.
NeverLNG, I agree with you. This is one of the reasons I argue that cooking the food may be more important than growing it - that is, we manifestly have a nation in which people go hungry because they can't cook cheap basic staples. Shifting diets radically and rapidly is going to be a huge social project - and it has to be undertaken, because hunger is already here and rising *FAST*.
Think about what icelanders will have to do if they are to eat the food they can produce locally, and perhaps what basics they can import. Cooking is one of those small things I mentioned in comments yesterday - and it is huge. The hand that stirs the pot, shapes the world.
Sharon
"This is one of the reasons I argue that cooking the food may be more important than growing it..."
Great point and this is where I am now putting my focus as it also addresses processing and preserving, a HUGE issue.
I am putting together a cook book of sorts called "The adventures of SOUPERMAN - or How to cook anything."
I encourage making intense soups, stews, sauces then put them up.
I can't tell you how many people have told me they never liked eggplant until they had my Ratatouille.
Hey Souperman,
Maybe you could put up a few web pages to sample? I love soup, but have to confess that it doesn't usually turn out when I start from scratch.
The CSA farm in my area has programs to teach people how to cook the vegetables they grow.
Yeah, it's kind of a lifestyle change, learning to plan meals ahead of time. I didn't have a clue when I picked up my first CSA box. Fortunately my Grandpa, who grew up in the depression, was able to help me out. I think a local depression era recipe book would be an excellent find.
While "traveling" we got a lot of boxes of mac n cheese from food banks. We had a little propane burner and we ate off frisbees in the park, then threw the frisbees. Those were good times. The other day I picked up a pre-packaged donation bag at the supermarket and guess what was in it, mac n cheese.
Akin to cooking and perhaps more important, is preservation. I mentioned a garden I grew this year in an earlier post -- since that post I've had additional harvest but I also purchased a nice rear-tine tiller off Craigslist for $350 so my net for this year is -$172.51, or +$621.89 if I depreciate my hard goods over 5 years at a simple rate of 20%/year.
These figures are a little misleading however, in that they represent what I produced rather than what I consumed. I planted too much summer-squash/zucchini ("soft squash" hereafter), and although I love this kind of veggie, the 55.454 kg was too much for me to deal with. I ate a pound a day for a month -- but gave away the lion's share. In the absence of significant cold storage, I just couldn't manage this volume.
In contrast, winter squash (65.978 kg), requires nothing but an unheated room (no canning, drying, freezing, or refrigerating) and as such, represents a much better investment despite its lower per unit value, e.g., the value of my soft squash was $140.15 while the value of the winter squash, despite greater production, was only $109.02.
Let me get a point here. Aside from losing knowledge about how to cook, knowing what to grow is also very important and I made some mistakes in my garden. Certain vegetables preserve well and produce a lot of food: winter squash for instance, but are rather cheap (lower profit). Other veggies such as snow peas have a high value (my 6107 g were worth $80.48), but are impossible to preserve in a low energy fashion (freezing is the only option and I'm not interested in that).
I think one of the factors working against effective local farming, is that the price of those vegetables which can be stored without resorting to massive energy usage (cold storage), are also the cheapest in the market. In my garden, about 1/6 of the space was devoted to winter squash, and 1/30th devoted to snow peas. I'll enjoy the winter squash for a few months now while the snow peas were a transient (but delightful) experience. Still, the snow peas were really good "money" makers.
It seems to me that in order to succeed in our current market situation, that a market garden would need to focus on high value produce -- most of which is hard to store without high energy usage. A different way to think about this, is that with our current pricing structure for vegetables, a market garden designed to provide luxury items might work, but one growing staples is likely to be a poor investment. Sadly, it is the production of staples that would make a real difference.
Maybe that explains why no one in praetzel's community garden wants to grow vegetables that can be stored.
I think most vegetables that are poor keepers, summer squash included, are fine candidates for dehydration. A car parked in the summer sun is a very effective solar dehydrator, IME.
All the squashes, especially zucchini, make fantastic marmalade (basically ad lemon, pectin, and sugar along with whatever seasonings like cinnamon that you like). It keeps forever if you do your canning right, and makes for good unusual gifts.
I've been dehydrating lots of veggies, and I tried dried zucchini -- it wasn't very good in dry form (sweet in an odd way) and I didn't like it rehydrated. There are some things that are really hard to preserve well.
As for marmalade --- what would I do with 100 lbs of it? I think a better idea is to cut way back on the number of soft squash plants for next year.
Grate the extra zucs, and freeze if you have space.. makes a great soup or stew thickener.
When I plan my garden for the next year (as I am starting to do today, as it happens), the first thing I do is to list all the crops that I know I can grow, plus maybe a few experiments, and my expected yields per square foot for each. Getting good yield data is difficult, but there are several cooperative extension websites online that have some data; with experience you can substitute your own data.
Next, I try to figure out how much of each crop we can use for the year. I break this down between what we will be consuming fresh per week on average for however many weeks we can stretch the season (and season extension is a VERY important issue - see Coleman's Four Season Harvest for ideas), and how much we will be consuming from storage each week on average for the rest of the year. I also make notes on my storage strategy for each crop. From the fresh and stored figures I determine the total amount that I need to grow for the year. Dividing by the yield per square foot determines how much garden space I need for each crop - as a first approximation, anyway. It gets more complicated for that for some crops. For example, for some vegetables like lettuce you should be able to grow two crops in the same space in succession, which halves the amount of space needed. For some crops you need to allow extra in case of poor germination, losses to pests or drought, etc. If you grow some crops in containers (as I do), then you need to come up with some sort of square footage figure for the containers.
Some of us don't have enough space to grow 100% of what we need. Thus, if you add up your required square footage and it is way more than what you have, then you are going to have to cut back and prioritize. As a general rule, my first priority is to cover as much as possible of my fresh vegetable needs in season, if the vegetables are not too difficult to grow and I'll be growing enough of them to make it worth my while. As for storage, things that are easy to store, or that will be difficult or expensive to get during the winter, are my next priorities. The relative dollar values of the crops are a consideration as well.
Once you have identified what you are going to grow and how many square feet to devote to each crop, then you can proceed to actually plan out your garden.
This is a lot of complicated work, but is the only way I know to avoid the "feast or famine" syndrome that is so typical amongst so many gardeners.
'the "feast or famine" syndrome'
I have found that the only way to have enough is to go for more than enough. Being a gardener rather than a farmer I feel free to give away or barter (informally) with the surplus.
"The price of good food is too high to buy it and too low to sell it." Store that comment with your other economic paradoxes.
Plant zucchinis in the shade, only thing I know that keeps them down to reasonable production levels.
That is in fact how horticultural societies (societies that don't grow crops like grain, that can be stored) do it. They share any surplus with friends and family, and trust that friends and family will share with them.
When you cannot store food, you bank your neighbors' good will instead.