140 comments on Exxon, and the Implications of 8%
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140 comments on Exxon, and the Implications of 8%
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initial production. Then the producers tend to invest in expanding production depending on market conditions (which are rather unpredictable). When the field reaches its peak, in most cases it is much more reasonable to maintain a sustained decline than to fight the peak - nobody would pour huge money in a declining field, because the investments are not likely to pay off. For example I am sure that if they drill more wells in West Texas they can temporary rise the production to say 1.2 mln.bbd but then it is inevitable that the production will again slowly slide down (following the logistic curve) and the slide will soon become uncontrollable. That's why they preffer to have a long controllable decline than making unfeasable investments. In short the logistic curve is what we can expect from a field if we target maximum production all the while during its lifetime.
I think that in the short term we will see the West Texas pattern world wide - the first several years will be of significant constant decline rates (3-4%?). But after that the shortages will attract huge investments and in the medium turn the production curve will start to follow closely the logistic curve as producers scramble to boost production by all means.
Of course all of this is too speculative for me to bet on... If the producers start chasing their long-term interest they will probably abandon the "maximum production" goal and even allow temporary free fall of production to preserve it for the future. This is what may cause the real trouble and why we need sufficient energy independance now.
Why again does it follow the logistic curve?
In the past, peak oil projections have used fairly low decline rates for FIP - 3%-6%. There are now several pieces of evidence that the FIP decline rate might be more like 8%. Adding that to Chris Skrebowski's list of new projects makes for a very rough ride:
Most of us thinking about peak oil have been aware for some time that the central uncertainty is the decline rate on fields in production (FIP). This dramatically affects when one believes peak will be, and seems to be the main difference between more pessimistic projections such as Chris Skrebowski's , and CERA's. It's also critically important in assessing the economic impact, since the faster total production declines, the harder it will be for the economy to adjust, and as we go further and further past peak, the fewer new projects there will be to add to the declining bulk of production.
In the past, peak oil