Nice post HO. These two doesn't seem to match:

The highest rank coal is known as anthracite and this has a carbon content above 90%.

[...] a ton of Lignite is around 7 million Btu; sub-bituminous 17 - 18 million Btu; Bituminous 21 to 30 million Btu; and Anthracite around 16 million Btu.

Do you have any idea of the energy involved in mining one tone of coal?

In today's world how important is Coal transportation in the final process?

A good reference on energy: Coal. Oil, gas, peat, wood, and more is Marks standard hand-book for Mechanical Engineers Chapter 7. Mine may be somewhat dated, 1980.