Rural motorists running on empty as pumps close

Rural motorists are having to drive farther to buy petrol as more than 600 filling stations a year close.

Small independent garages are being forced out of business by fierce competition from supermarkets and the higher costs of transporting fuel to country areas.

Many pay more to buy fuel from their suppliers than the price supermarkets charge the public and make little or no profit on petrol sales.

...The closures are leaving motorists in some rural areas 30 miles away from their nearest forecourt.

Mark Bradshaw, the chief executive of Garage Watch, which represents 4,000 independent petrol retailers, said: "Between 600 and 700 petrol stations have closed every year since 2000.

"Small independent garages are charged more for fuel than the major companies because of the cost of transporting the fuel."

I suspect that if there are actual shortages when TSHTF, it will be the cities that are supplied, not rural areas.  And not just gas, but food, electricity, water, etc.

Leanan,
In regard to your suspicions:
  1. During the 1970s, when gas was rationed to retailers, rural and small-town areas did fine, while urban stations developed long lines, rage, and occasional gunfights over vehicles cutting into long gas lines.
  2. During World War II, when gasoline was rationed nationwide by coupon, urban folk often put their cars up on blocks--except for those who knew farmers, whose fuel was unrationed. These fortunate people (many of whom lived in rural villages or small towns) had a fine source of extra income selling immense quantities of bootleg gasoline.

History suggests that TSHTF first in urban areas.
Don,
what does that mean 'put their car up on blocks'? How much could they bootleg on one tank of gas? unless im misunderstanding..

 Urbanites had ration cards and were permitted to buy X gallons of gas. You were allocated a reasonable amount of gas if you were a doctor or a civic official, otherwise you were allocated so little it made more sense to jack the car up and set the axles on blocks of wood. This lifted the wheels off the ground and prevented damage to tires during an extended period of storage.

 Farmers were not rationed for gas. They could buy what they needed to work tractors etc. They could also buy more than they needed and sell the extra to city dwellers.

They basically put the car to pasture. Putting a block ( rock, wood, steel jack stand ) under each side of each axle and keeping the tires off the ground.  Get a buggy and push it to the nearest friendly farmer and get 10 to 20 gallons of unrationed gas or as much as your push cart tanks could carry. And go sell it to the folks that would otherwise be standing in line at the gas pumps.  

The BLACK MARKET that will crop up in every venue for everything that is in short supply, or even illegal.  Someone will have acess to a good steady supply and/or be able to trade for other items.

This is an interesting phenomenon - stand alone gas stations are losing business to mixed use retailers. Perhaps gas will be the new milk - a loss leader to attract traffic. Or maybe they will lower gas prices for people who are a club member / frequent shopper...

We have also had a few gas stations close here in Manhattan, but that's more because the local real estate market is still booming

There were a couple of stories in local papers during the Katrina spike.  Rural gas stations that closed, and left people to drive 40 miles to buy gas.  It wasn't just Katrina, of course.  They were on the edge anyway, and Katrina just pushed them over.  Gasoline is already a loss leader for many gas stations.  
Hello,
   the insanity of this should be pretty clear. At the peak, maybe the brain is ruined before going down the slope?

   I actually am not a great believer in Tainter's complexity framework as leading to a society's failure - to a certain extent, the various formulas to describe human ecology are more or less tautological, in the same sense most socio-biology (old fashioned term) is tautological, generally being unable to escape the social/cultural blinders of its practioners.

   But certainly, this would be a shining proof - vehicles and people being run ragged and a finite resource being exhausted so that people can keep driving their vehicles since they cannot imagine living differently.

Insanity.

Tainter doesn't say that people can't imagine living differently.  Indeed, the fact that they can imagine living differently is often the reason societies collapse.
A subtle point about societies collapsing not through the increasing problem of fighting entropy to stay in place, but merely because people imagine another way to live.

I find the aspect of complexity necessarily leading to  collapse a deceptive problem - who defines complexity? For that matter, who defines collapse?

But the idea that finite resources are exhausted in meaningless or counterproductive ways when viewed from outside the context of those engaging in such actions was what I found insane (yes, not exactly Tainter's perspective, but a society without cars will appear to most modern eyes as one with containing less complexity in the sense that Tainter would likely find acceptable). And much like the wooden shipbuilding industry migrated throughout human history, with many of the literal cradles of that craft being turned into stony or sandy wastelands, the fact that resources are exhausted does cause people to live differently, whether they imagined it first or not. In the case of shipbuilding, by ending up with the Industrial Revolution, which ended the problem of trees in terms of shipbuilding.

But burning increasing amounts of fuel simply to be able to keep burning fuel doesn't seem likely to lead to anything but depletion for reasons which will not likely be very comprehensible in the future.

But truly, how many people in America are imagining life without their cars? On the other hand, how many are burning increasing amounts of gasoline because they can't imagine living differently?

I find the aspect of complexity necessarily leading to  collapse a deceptive problem - who defines complexity? For that matter, who defines collapse?

Tainter defines his terms in his book.  

I'll swipe this part of Chris Stolz's excellent review at Amazon.com:

Complexity, writes Tainter, describes a variety of characteristics in a number of societies. Some aspects of complexity include many differentiated social roles, a large class of administrators not involved in the production of primary resources, energy devoted to different kinds of communication, centralised government, etc. Societies become more complex in order to solve problems. Complexity, for Tainter, is quantifiable. Where, for example, the Cherokee natives of the U.S. had about 5,000 cultural artifacts (things ranging from recipes to tools to tents) which were integral to their culture, the Allied troops landing on the Normandy coast in 1944 had about 40,000.

Collapse, then, is the loss of this quantifiable complexity.  Almost always accompanied by a 75%-90% drop in population.

That last is, I suspect, a big reason why complex societies stick with their strategy long past the point of diminishing returns.  They become so committed to their way of life that changing ends up being very difficult and painful...perhaps even fatal.  Hence it is avoided as long as possible.

. . . a big reason why complex societies stick with their strategy long past the point of diminishing returns.  They become so committed to their way of life that changing ends up being very difficult and painful.



"Being committed to their way of life" implies volition and perhaps even a measure of obstinacy. An alternative perspective would view the society as having become embedded in a certain set of memes that permits one course of action and forecloses many others.


There are those of us who remember life before suburbia. There are a far larger number who know nothing but suburbia and cannot conceive of an alternative, or perceive any need for change. This ignorance is very different from committment. A high level of Tainter Complexity would promote this ignorance; milk comes from the corner store not from a cow.

"Being committed to their way of life" implies volition and perhaps even a measure of obstinacy.

Then I'm sorry I used that word.  It's not what I meant.  How about "locked in"?  I don't mean they're being obstinate, and I don't mean they are blind to alternatives.  I mean they end up logistically unable to change without significant pain.

As an example...the oil-fueled Green Revolution has resulted in a lot of problems that weren't visible at first.  With the knowledge we have  now...many of us are now thinking we should never have started down the agribusiness path in the first place.  

But what are we going to do about it?  Agribusiness has allowed us to increase the population to levels undreamt of a hundred years ago.  If we give up agribusiness, how are we going to feed all the "extra" people?  We are locked in by our previous choices.

The idea that societies are best defined by what they exclude is something which occurred to me a long time ago.

This also takes care of the problem of volition - an individual can make choices, but if they go into the territory that society excludes, the individual no longer has any meaningful impact in that society. And stepping outside of society is generally very dangerous - here, you could make a simple natural selection argument on why this is so, but I hate such perspectives.

Not to get into a long discussion, but this exactly what I mean by complexity definitions - more/quantifiable means more complex?

An example could be made of something like aircraft motors - the original models had a fair number of moving parts, as time went one various improvements were made adding more moving parts, and as more time went on, the number of moving parts was reduced, until, at least in theory/practice, something like a SCRAM 'motor' has essentially no moving parts, except for the fuel pumping system.

But the SCRAM 'motor' is much more complex, even if it has many fewer moving parts - but here, complexity comes in the design and development of materials (and airframe), not in the number of parts. Further, after the design and material development phase is over, it is also quite conceivable that the infrastructure to construct and maintain such motors would be considerably less quantifiably complex than that required for the first Boeing 707s in terms of tools, parts, etc.

Complexity and simplicity are often in the eyes of the viewer, and that is what I find difficult when engaging in such discussions.

I haven't even begun to engage the idea of 'simple' or 'complex' language, except to note that most 'older' languages are actually considered more complex in grammar than English.

Or the idea of social roles - personally, I think the entire advertising/marketing branch of our society could go away without any loss of complexity, since in my eyes, that complexity is merely manufactured.

In a sense, whether the solution to a manufactured problem is part of a measure of complexity is the sort of question which would need to be addressed.

I could even further add that this idea of complexity could also be seen as the rise of parasites, with the parasites being considered the measure of the host.

And on, and on. Endless discussion.  

Perhaps gas will be the new milk - a loss leader to attract traffic.

This has been the trend for a long time. The amount of money gas stations make on gas is very low - usually around several cents a gallon from various articles I've read like this one. Thus something like an attached convenience store is needed in order to stay profitable.

There were once five gas stations in my rural California town.  They all did well because a major highway (albeit one lane for several miles before and after the town) runs through it.

What killed them was having to pull their tanks and do ground water testing/remediation if necessary and then reinstall approved tanks and monitoring systems.  A friend of mine had a small station.  He personally did any remediation but it would have cost over $100K to put in new tanks and no one would finance it.

Another friend's father had a major gas company outlet as an independent.  They tore down the old station, which also did repair work, and put in a mini-mart plus pumps.  They had to put up $100k plus take on a million dollar loan.

The son, who actually managed everything, then started a stand-alone repair shop in addition to the station, for even more money.  He eventually sold it to one of his employees for about $500k.

Being the only gas station in the town and the last one for 20 miles, they do alright.

yes this is happening in Reno nv.
the costco in reno now has gas pumps and with a membership card you can get dicount gas. also on the way into reno a gas station that seems to be affiliated with the small casino at border town has the lowest price gas I've seen. maybe    .50 $ cheaper than it is were i live, 70 miles away