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Indeed, relatively speaking Senegal is doing pretty well. It's described as one of the most stable democracies in Africa. The economy has seen real growth in GDP averaging over 5% during the last decade and inflation of just 2%.
Military spending is less than 2% of GDP (which I’m counting as positively low).
Perhaps the biggest concern going into a resource constrained world is demographics though. The median age is 19.1, 41% of the population are aged 0-14 and the fertility rate is 4.4 children per woman.
Click to enlarge.
This also leads to high unemployment (48%, urban youth 40% (2001 est.)) and a large degree of attempted migration amongst young males. I say attempted as there is a horrific casualty rates amongst those attempting to reach the Spanish Canary Islands by boat.
Yes but there have been some remarkable decelerations in birth rate.
Most noticeably in China, but also India, and apparently even Morocco (not sure about Tunisia and Algeria).
Africa is trickier. Many countries are split between moslem and Christian, and religious leaders on both sides encourage more babies, as a way to increase the relative size of their community.