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The one problem with Export land is I can't see exports dropping by 50% without a fundamental change in the economics of oil.
I was sent this link in a email by a reader.
http://www.hubbertpeak.com/reynolds/MineralEconomy.htm
This shows the exponential increase in prices soon after the peak in production.
The key graph is here.
http://www.hubbertpeak.com/reynolds/images/a2f2.gif
Note at about 20% or so post peak price effectively takes the market to a different level.
So I don't see the simple export land model holding past a 25% decline in oil exports at most.
In my response I used this example.
Your in a huge theater filled with thousands of people the film has just reach the middle point and best part. You smell smoke and leave notifying the management on the way out. They do nothing and only a short time later many people smell the smoke and panic as they try to reach the exits killing hundreds in the crush. Thousands are killed as the theater burns to the ground.
The point is that even though the greatest loss of life is from the fire i.e effectively no exports the system fundamentally changes far earlier with very few exiting in a controlled manner.
I think the above is a good simple explanation for the converging negative events we face GW Peak Oil Credit Bubble etc etc. Its going to go with a bang when it goes.
I've guesstimated the critical point is when we are down about 4mbd from peak this is when everyone smells the smoke.
I see no reason for any sort of orderly power down once its clear we are post peak. I'm claiming for oil it will actually start at about 5% from world peak production.
Looking at the graph your see this is exactly when the price starts heading for the stratosphere. So I think that for export land the simple model fails and goes over to the one described in the paper once your 5% or so off peak.
This if may calculations are right is in 2008 or 2009 at the latest so we probably only have a year or two at most before we begin to see this phase change when everyone knows every year their will be less oil.
I've yet to see anyone effectively argue these models are wrong. Since you never have enough time I'd love to see it be 2010 or later but I don't think so.
An interesting question that raises a corollary.
How far can a society adjust down their oil consumption and still function ?
The most extreme example I found was Switzerland in 1945. After the end of a six year, 100% oil embargo, the average Swiss used 1/400th the oil used by the average American today. In other words, the average Swiss got by for the entire year with less oil than the average American uses in a day !
Yet they had a functioning Western industrial democracy with a decent quality of life, if stressed.
France is building an infrastructure that mimics, in several ways, the Swiss infrastructure. A cohesive and fairly comprehensive non-oil transportation system (that relies on local non-FF electricity) in parallel to the popular oil based one.
If today's oil imports into Switzerland and France were cut in half over a short period (months ?) it would be tough, but they could adapt (barely) and continue to function. With more time to adjust (small lead acid EVs, more urban rail that stretches out, re-localization, abandoning some exurbs and suburbs, complete replacement of oil heating, etc. they could cut back 90+% IMHO and still function.
The United States is, of course, not doing this.
Best Hopes for Non-oil Transportation,
Alan
memmel and Alan,
My biggest concern is the population has shifted to suburbia. As a kid most moms canned and raised a garden. Rarely does this happen today. The summer close of school was adjusted for harvest if in dire need so kids could harvest crops/work in fields.
This economy we have is so far removed from that.
Memmel, unfortunatly you bring up the second part - what happens....
I think the biggest thing in America will be for lack of a better word a shear effect. We don't have a very large class of people living in extreme poverty in America as is common in many countries that are what I consider economically bound. These are countries that are effectively controlled by a elite upper class Mexico and don't have a social welfare net. Mexico is a example but in general outside of Japan/US/EU most countries have a substantial class of people that are not just poor but what we call in the South dirt poor. In the US some illegal immigrants call into this category but we still manage to provide decent health care social services etc even for this class.
I think the first thing to go in the US will be this social safety net which is what separates the first from the second and third worlds. The reason is that taxes/government will be forced to either start a tax increase spiral or cut services and tax revenue dries up as more income is diverted to gasoline/transportation. And they cannot increase taxes on gasoline the time for this is long past. So the first thing we will see is a tax crunch that start to rip out this safety net. Next of course more and more families will slid down the slippery slope towards poverty a lot of course is because of their own greed but the result is the same. This dropping standard of living feeds into dropping taxes ...
This has not happened in America since the 1930's but what it is is a depression and what it means is that if you lose you job etc over the next few years the bottom may be a long way down. The example of people working together to lower everyones consumption works but the easiest is to have say one and ten Americans fall into absolute poverty and no longer consume basically any gasoline then 2 in 10 etc.
Eventually we will cut gasoline usage by say 50% simply because 50% of Americans now live in extreme poverty.
I think we will get electric rail and trams etc but they will be used to ferry our new class of desperate workers willing to work basically for food not some sort of Swiss dream. West Texas's ELP does not have to be done in a dignified manner the social effects of ELP applied brutally by the free market can significant and harmful. We have a choice how we practice ELP but we have to ELP.
This is how I think demand destruction will play out in America. The key is that by dropping a increasing percentage of Americans into abject poverty we can reduce consumption without changing the lifestyles of those that still have money. Obviously its also a breeding ground for political activism which will actually help people reduce services more. In general what this means is the New Deal will be repealed as we head into the next great depression. The irony does not escape me.
To reply to my own post :)
I think Detroit is ground zero for the rise of this class of deeply impoverished people. Its got all the right or more correctly wrong conditions. Its highly dependent on the sale of large automobiles for its economy and its tax base is heavily eroded. Soon government services will state being scaled back and of course I expect failure of the big automakers. This will leave a large population of retired people in Detroit with no pensions or retirement and a escalating unmet need for social services. So overall I think Detroit will be the model for whats coming for the rest of America. If I'm right it would be good if its possible to get a graph of gasoline consumption in the Detroit area. If you have the info post and email me.
I'd like to watch it like I watch Asphalt prices as another canary for the coal mine. Googling Detroit and gasoline does not work for obvious reasons.