"No matter how many millions of years separate us from them, they still must obey the iron laws of physics, which are now advanced enough to explain everything from sub-atomic particles to the large-scale structure of the universe, through a staggering 43 orders of magnitude."

marcosdumay:

Where did this quotation come from? What is it's relation to discussion of Prof. Cleveland's article? Am I missing something?

From Michio Kaku: "The Physics of Extraterrestrial Civilizations" the link provided earlier by Prof. Goose.