52 comments on The ASPO Conference - Second Morning
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"Lord Ron Oxburgh, former non-executive chairman, Shell UK; chairman, House of Lords select committee on science and technology; honorary professor, Cambridge University"
Impressive title to be sure. His remarks, as reported here, however, must be said to leave much to be desired. A quick look:
"The problem arises as populations grow, and expect to achieve the standards of more developed countries, with free access to cars and transportation."
Have any of you ever been given "free" access to cars and transportation? O.K., since your college days, when for some of you, Dad sprang for the wheels? Talk about starting from a broken premise and working your way outward!
The follow on sentence is given with no proof, and is so astounding that the need for proof should be considered ABSOLUTE:
"This has led to a growing fleet of vehicles to meet that need, and in contrast to the Hirsch Report (pdf) he felt that it would likely take over 40 years to change to an alternate method of propulsion."
(!!!!!) I ask, no, this time I BEG any thinking person to consider that statement for a few moments, please. In a 40 year window, the U.S. electrified the countryside, built the interstate highway system, changed from steam trains to Diesel on the rail, changed from prop planes to jets in the air, built the U.S. nuclear power industry, and completely built the television industry. The U.S. did not do any one of the above in 40 years, they did ALL OF THE ABOVE IN THE SAME 40 YEARS (roughly 1938 to 1978), oh, and in our spare time won a world war went to the moon!
If Lord Oxburgh were a 20 year old, I could understand him not knowing the above, but given the face I see in the photo shown, Lord Oxburgh was alive to see most of what I have just described. His 40 conjecture, without ironclad proof, is to be considered completely nonsensical on the face of it.
But he soldiars on....
"By gasifying coal, processing natural gas, or gasifying biomass we can sequentially process these into a liquid fuel to meet the need. However if this were done on a global scale the Greehouse gasses (GHG) produced by the first two would be at a disastrous level."
Let's lay aside the greenhouse gas for a moment (although the line about building coal fired plants to provide "breathing room" is almost too good a straight line to pass up!), and talk about the conversion efficiency of the above schemes....They are what I have often referred to as "death by one thousand conversions." The "sequential processing" of high carbon fuels into a liquid fuel require the building of not one industry but about a half dozen interlocking industries, all of which must be built at the same time, and infrastructure provided to move, store, and consume the new product. In America, we cannot even get an old fashioned straight forward oil refinery built!
I will just take the coal gasification thing, (right now, that's the new/old hot ticket in my home state of Kentucky). First, you have to have a vibrant coal mining industry, with all the machinery and labor needed for that, then a CTG (coal to gas) industry, a GTL (gas to liquid industry), and then some type of processing to refine the syn crude on out to finished motor fuel. Did I forget anything? Oh yeah, the massive water handling operation, and then some method of waste water disposal, and some type of carbon sequestering industry, which doesn't even exist yet, because it is about time we finally quit laying the carbon issue aside, given that the rest of the program is such a catastrophe.
Now think for a second....Lord Oxburgh thinks it will take 40 years (!!) to chang the propulsion of vehicles, but thinks we can build the above type of "sequential processing industries in much less time??
It is complete nonsense. Oxburgh's program makes the plug hybrid auto and the PV and concentrating solar industry look like small beans to pull off by comparison.
Once more, we are seeing people falling for the same petroleum industry pap....there are no alternatives, and if there are, they will take far too long and do far too little. It is us in the petroleum business or nothing.
I am holding out hope that the folks gathered at Cork are clever enough not to be taken in. Either way, if the petrol industry hopes to make that argument, surely the next time they will use arguments more coherent than those attributed to Lord Oxburgh.
Roger Conner Jr.
ThatsItimout
Brilliant critic, Mr Roger. I couldn't agree more.
From 1897 to 1916, a 2/3rds to 3/4ths smaller and MUCH poorer United States of America built subways and elevated rail in all of her larger cities and streetcars in *500* cities and towns !
Twenty, not forty years, and without modern technology !
Alan
Would it be fair to say that the primary reasons this might not be so easily done in the 21st century are economic? Lower labor costs probably had a significant impact on the ability of municipalities and private companies to build systems, roads and bridges.
Probably not fair if you factor in inflation. Today's high labor costs will look just as much a bargain in the rear view mirror as the low labor costs of 1992, 1972, 1952, and so on.
Oh if we could only pay for yesterday's labor with today's inflated dollars and incomes. And Mr. Greenspan might be right for once when he sees higfher inflation ahead.
The GNP of the USA, inflation adjusted, is 25 times greater today than it was in 1910.
Labor is labor, whether paid four silver dimes per hour or $21/hour (depending upon skill level of course).
The USA, with a much smaller population, also had much less labor available AND the only methods known in 1910 required MUCH more labor than modern methods.
In 1910, holes were dug with pick & shovel. Backhoes today.
In 1910, crowbars and gangs of men adjusted track, Hydraulic jacks today do it faster with fewer men.
in 1910 concrete was mixed by hand on site and spread by hand. Today we use concrete mix trucks and concrete pumps.
In 1910, supplies came in via mule drawn wagons, today much faster & larger capacity trucks (tomorrow battery trucks from the rail served warehouse ?)
In 1910, wooden ties were the only choice. Today, concrete is the most common choice, with composite (recycled plastic) ties as common as wood.
In 1910, jointed track was bolted together, today it is welded (much less labor, easier on rolling stock).
Etc. Etc, Etc.
In the turn-of-the-century era, the USA devoted a significant social & economic effort to build Urban Rail. A MUCH lower effort today could do MUCH MORE today. That is the force multiplier of technology and capital.
Best Hopes,
Alan
The following systemic differences might have some bearing on this:
(comparing 38->78 to 2017->20x7)
1) Growth vs replacement. Growing on empty is generally easier than a whole systemic replacement (e.g. fill a void vs displace/replace)
2) Economic growth curve vs economic stalling/diminishing curve (the productive economy actually grew then, now it's 70-90% financial economy that grows. Productive physical economy is being down-sized, off-shored, labor-shorted and just plain let to rot)
3) Somewhat united political/economic trend vs splintered aims (e.g. modernism of tech/edu/economic development vs our current risk-based post-modern state of beings that pulls into various mutually non-complementary directions)
4) Strong political leadership vs failing political leadership (need I say more?)
5) Honest hard working citizens vs lazy-ass complaining professional consumers (sorry to put it bluntly, but we've become more of the latter)
6) Longer term economic planning vs. make profit this quarter and slightly worry about the next (harder to finance, build and steer projects with 20-40 year horizons and co-ordinate those together across industries)
In this situation, yes, I think it probably would be possible to change things in equal or less time (barring no limit from energy sources), but it would also probably require a big external impetus or several of them.
The old modernist "let's design and build a better world, because we can" ethos is dead and buried for the most part.
Now it's more of "every man for himself", which doesn't necessarily help in the matter (although Austrian school economists will of course vehemently disagree, just on principle)
But with cheap energy and materials available locally. That makes a big difference.
Would you have to develop industries to replace oil with coal gasification? No more than you would have to with total electrical transport. They're both going to cost a bundle and take decades.
But with cheap energy and materials available locally. That makes a big difference.
Would you have to develop industries to replace oil with coal gasification? No more than you would have to with total electrical transport. They're both going to cost a bundle and take decades.
Let's remember that this is a report of what he said rather than his own approved text but I think you have caught an important theme. If he is urging trying everything regardless of its sustainability, he is urging that we fritter away resources on things that will impede sustainable solutions.
Dittmar's comment further down that after 2040 nuclear power must run on speculative resources means that plants constructed today cannot be assured that they will operate for their design lifetime. In that case, nuclear power is just an expensive distraction rather than even a temporary fix as Oxburgh would have it. So, his proposal needs to be considered against the opportunity cost of lost energy security owing to continued reliance on depletable resources. If the stop-gap actually has a much greater negative effect, it should be avoided.
Chris
A single point of contention: could it be possible that you are misinterpreting Lord Oxborough's use of the Queen's English when he speaks of free access to automobiles. I believe "free access" means readily available at an affordable price in this context. However, I don't disagree with the thrust of your post.
It is my fault for paraphrasing - I took his remarks to mean "free - as in without central government control", and I should have used "open" perhaps instead.
Roger;
I think you need to take into account the fact that the existing infrastructure represents sunk costs and a shift to an alternate infrastructure means we loose a significant portion of that investment.
Nate's comparison to the Irish elk applies here. The Elk developed along a specific path ( a large rack of antlers to attract females) but that development actually hindered the elk when it sought to adapt to a changed environment.
We are like that elk. We are hindered by the fact that we have proceeded along a development path centered on cheap FF. Where we live, what we eat, how we earn a living, how we amuse outselves, all derive from this fact. This results in great social inertia and an inability to change.
Look at AGW. The issue has been known for several hundred years and has been identified as a critical issue for at least 20 years but look at all the vested interests which seek to impede change. Consider as well that even if you or I seek to alter our own lives our alternate choice is made difficult by the lack of viable options. It is difficult, possibly dangerous, to revert to pedestrianism in a car-centric environment.
I am not disagreeing with you over the speed of past development but I do think Oxburgh is providing a realistic estimate of the time required to adapt. But I don't believe we will make the attempt to adapt. We are all going to go down with the ship.
Hi Roger,
Since his main alternative was to use coal. I asked him about the report regarding peak coal and the peaking of coal production in the US along with the end of Anthracite reserves in the 1970s.
Another person after me asked him about coal reserves stating that there has recently been published approximately ten reports on peak coal.
If that person is reading this would you please tell/refer us about the other reports? Dose any one know about those reports?
Is any one watching the price of crude? Its going crazy, as I write it was close to $83.70!
Bob