In addition to tax credits, upfront subsidies, feed-in tariffs and green certificates there are also direct carbon penalties. This could be a tax, tradeable permits (like the EPA SOx auction) and portfolio emissions standards for utility companies. A major administrative lever is that whatever the form of the carbon penalty if the company didn't meet it they could be shut down by Federal order. Admittedly this could lead to strange results like if the wind didn't blow for a week then coal plants would also have to be shut down to keep the balance right. That would mean buying in wind power from someplace else thus requiring a bigger continental build.

With incentives for new transmission as opposed to generation there has to be a proviso that it actually transmits 'green' electricity and not coal fired. With these kinds of conditions wind power could be quite profitable and the big money will gravitate towards it. The problem is nobody wants to raise electricity prices while times are tough.