Well yes, the making of any grand socioeconomic schema into a reality inherently implies a level of control that could easily be characterized as 'totalitarian'.
A key question is: What do you do with those people who are stubbornly 'not with the program'? For example, what if someone insists on spending his discretionary income on buying a 600 HP speedboat instead of a Toyota Prius? What do you with that person? Send that person to a 're-education center', confiscate that person's wealth so that he/she can no longer make the 'wrong' purchases, or pass laws that make it illegal to buy such wasteful items in the first place ?
Whichever, such decisions will always reside within the purview of those running the show, rather than the people who have voted in largely sham election. 'Freedom to chose' will soon become just a meaningless phrase.
Any formal desired outcome inherently requires more control, and more control inherently requires more power to be concentrated among a smaller group of people. More power concentrated among a smaller group of people is the pathway to totalitarianism. It doesn't take long. Before too long, no one (outside of a group of oligarchs) will be free to chose much of anything.
Totalitarianism may indeed become necessary, as it is on a lifeboat, where someone has to decide how much precious food and water is to be rationed.
So, I think it is highly doubtful that an open and free society can coexist with chronic resource shortages. The two are fundamentally contradictory.
I've been pondering on that off and on for several years. The morality of Shootout at the OK Coral. I can't really find anything wrong with it. Why wouldn't it be the maximum expression of the human animal and spirit to level itself to the individual gunslinger. Even that implies opposing thumbs. We'd still be toast to any species with opposing thumbs and toes.
Nate -- I'm not sure if you included a reference to Sheldon Wolin in one of your articles here, but your comment sure reminds me of "Inverted Totalitarianism," which wolin writes about in this Nation article:
The USA has been transformed into a de facto fascist state. We are totalitarian, but run with the promise that everyone will be better off as time goes by.
with resource shortages the promised return for compliance will be ever more limited: less payoff for the masses in exchange for greatly diminished rewards. Will people comply just to live another day or week? Some people will, no doubt.
The hierarchy of rewards will become more brutal than it is, but also the punishment for non-compliance will become very brutal.
Will this create mass compliance but also revolution -- both at the same time?
Nate, the term revolution has been bouncing around recent TOD articles. It seems to me that time for some kind of affirmative action in the required direction(s) is slipping away with each day. The percieved advantage of government seems to be waning before our very eyes with the removal of the concieted veils.
Right or wrong, perhaps what is needed is a revolution.
I think it is highly doubtful that an open and free society can coexist with chronic resource shortages
It is a mistake to assume major constraints require totalitarianism. For example I don't have exclusive use of a luxury yacht. This is not generally considered totalitarianism but economic reality. People generally respond better to economic reality than to Central Committee dictat, especially if adjustments to the economic levers are made with transparency and public support and the misery is shared.
If we need to control population, rather than enforcing a two-child law, we just say that only a woman's first two children are eligible for state benefits, eg free schooling and healthcare. Most other forms of unsustainable activity can be controlled with Pigovian taxes. In an era of economic collapse and ecological crisis it should be possible to get public support once the corporate growth "business as usual" message is discredited, so I do not see this as requiring dictatorial powers.
Rationing by price will only be seen as fair if wealth is evenly spread, so restricting capital accumulation by taxing excess assets to fund basic infrastructure is a precondition. To prevent starvation or a malnourished underclass developing, a basic allowance (free ration of food and water, or income) may also be needed. Perhaps we are just arguing terminology but I don't think this all adds up to totalitarianism.
The original article does not make the distinction between the consumption of resource flows (sustainable) and resource capital (unsustainable). Once Pigovian taxes restrict economic activity to using resource flows only, then "capitalism as we know it" can continue. Provided capital accumulation is restrained, then many causes of our current problems (huge inequality, political crises, control by the financier class, short-term profits uber alles) can be avoided.
Given the unimaginable atrocities committed by totalitarian regimes (Nazi and Communist) during the 20th century, it is understandable that most want to keep the Leviathan on a short leash.
However, much of this talk of totalitarianism is purely polemical. The bankers and industrialists tried to brand FDR a Communist, and they tried to do the same to the labor unions as well. The idea is to paint the enemy with the face of evil so as not to have to debate his actual arguments:
The American labor movement was almost completely bereft of the ideological weapons, which the rebellious industrial masses of Europe carried. In its inception it disavowed not only Marxist revolutionary formulas but every kind of political program. It was a pragmatic movement, born of the necessity of setting organized power against organized power in a technical society. Gradually it became conscious of the fact that economic power does try to bend government to its own ends. It has, therefore, decided to challenge a combination of political and economic power with a like combination of its own...
Naturally, the "semi-official" creed of a bourgeois community, as distinguished from the philosophy which informs our Constitution, was arrayed against this development. The right of collective bargaining was declared to be a violation of the rights of employers to hire or fire whom they would. Supreme Court decisions, directed against the labor movement, were informed by the generally accepted individualistic creed. But ultimately, in the words of "Mr. Dooley," the court decisions "followed the election returns."
Long before the "New Deal" radically changed the climate of American political life the sovereign power of government had been used to enforce taxation laws which embodied social policy as well as revenue necessities; great concentrations of power in industry were broken up by law; necessary monopolies in utilities were brought under political regulation; social welfare, security and health and other values which proved to be outside the operations of the free market were secured by political policy. More recently, housing, medicine and social security have become matters of public and political policy. All this has been accomplished on a purely pragmatic basis, without the ideological baggage which European labor carried.
When a woman's first pregnancy results in triplets which of the three children would you deny health and education benefits?
What Rogers is describing is Scandanavian socialism which actually enables certain freedoms denied to Americans due to inability to pay. For instance fathers of newborns are paid to stay home and assist the mothers in caring for the infants. Things like universal health care and retirement support actually work to limit the number of pregnancies. In poor societies where everyone must rely on the extended family for health care and old age support then women are pressured to maximize the number of children born.
Once Pigovian taxes restrict economic activity to using resource flows only, then "capitalism as we know it" can continue. Provided capital accumulation is restrained, then many causes of our current problems (huge inequality, political crises, control by the financier class, short-term profits uber alles) can be avoided.
This sounds great in theory but if Pigovian taxes restrict economic activity to flows only, there IS no economic system, at least for billions. Perhaps that was your unspoken intent. In a word, I think what you propose would work, but between here and there might be a revolution. Less than 10% of our energy is currently 'flow based', and none of it liquid fuels. There would need to be some sort of transition period. All the 'good answers' to current crisis require more pain for pretty much all sectors of OECD nations - accepting greater short term pain for long term benefit is not how we are wired so acknowledging this necessity by politicians has to happen before any of these neat theories can germinate.
Keithster100 -
Well yes, the making of any grand socioeconomic schema into a reality inherently implies a level of control that could easily be characterized as 'totalitarian'.
A key question is: What do you do with those people who are stubbornly 'not with the program'? For example, what if someone insists on spending his discretionary income on buying a 600 HP speedboat instead of a Toyota Prius? What do you with that person? Send that person to a 're-education center', confiscate that person's wealth so that he/she can no longer make the 'wrong' purchases, or pass laws that make it illegal to buy such wasteful items in the first place ?
Whichever, such decisions will always reside within the purview of those running the show, rather than the people who have voted in largely sham election. 'Freedom to chose' will soon become just a meaningless phrase.
Any formal desired outcome inherently requires more control, and more control inherently requires more power to be concentrated among a smaller group of people. More power concentrated among a smaller group of people is the pathway to totalitarianism. It doesn't take long. Before too long, no one (outside of a group of oligarchs) will be free to chose much of anything.
Totalitarianism may indeed become necessary, as it is on a lifeboat, where someone has to decide how much precious food and water is to be rationed.
So, I think it is highly doubtful that an open and free society can coexist with chronic resource shortages. The two are fundamentally contradictory.
Perceived advantage creates hierarchy; perceived disadvantage creates revolution
I've been pondering on that off and on for several years. The morality of Shootout at the OK Coral. I can't really find anything wrong with it. Why wouldn't it be the maximum expression of the human animal and spirit to level itself to the individual gunslinger. Even that implies opposing thumbs. We'd still be toast to any species with opposing thumbs and toes.
All conclusions suck.
cfm in Gray, ME
Nate -- I'm not sure if you included a reference to Sheldon Wolin in one of your articles here, but your comment sure reminds me of "Inverted Totalitarianism," which wolin writes about in this Nation article:
http://www.thenation.com/doc/20030519/wolin
The USA has been transformed into a de facto fascist state. We are totalitarian, but run with the promise that everyone will be better off as time goes by.
with resource shortages the promised return for compliance will be ever more limited: less payoff for the masses in exchange for greatly diminished rewards. Will people comply just to live another day or week? Some people will, no doubt.
The hierarchy of rewards will become more brutal than it is, but also the punishment for non-compliance will become very brutal.
Will this create mass compliance but also revolution -- both at the same time?
Nate, the term revolution has been bouncing around recent TOD articles. It seems to me that time for some kind of affirmative action in the required direction(s) is slipping away with each day. The percieved advantage of government seems to be waning before our very eyes with the removal of the concieted veils.
Right or wrong, perhaps what is needed is a revolution.
It is a mistake to assume major constraints require totalitarianism. For example I don't have exclusive use of a luxury yacht. This is not generally considered totalitarianism but economic reality. People generally respond better to economic reality than to Central Committee dictat, especially if adjustments to the economic levers are made with transparency and public support and the misery is shared.
If we need to control population, rather than enforcing a two-child law, we just say that only a woman's first two children are eligible for state benefits, eg free schooling and healthcare. Most other forms of unsustainable activity can be controlled with Pigovian taxes. In an era of economic collapse and ecological crisis it should be possible to get public support once the corporate growth "business as usual" message is discredited, so I do not see this as requiring dictatorial powers.
Rationing by price will only be seen as fair if wealth is evenly spread, so restricting capital accumulation by taxing excess assets to fund basic infrastructure is a precondition. To prevent starvation or a malnourished underclass developing, a basic allowance (free ration of food and water, or income) may also be needed. Perhaps we are just arguing terminology but I don't think this all adds up to totalitarianism.
The original article does not make the distinction between the consumption of resource flows (sustainable) and resource capital (unsustainable). Once Pigovian taxes restrict economic activity to using resource flows only, then "capitalism as we know it" can continue. Provided capital accumulation is restrained, then many causes of our current problems (huge inequality, political crises, control by the financier class, short-term profits uber alles) can be avoided.
Given the unimaginable atrocities committed by totalitarian regimes (Nazi and Communist) during the 20th century, it is understandable that most want to keep the Leviathan on a short leash.
However, much of this talk of totalitarianism is purely polemical. The bankers and industrialists tried to brand FDR a Communist, and they tried to do the same to the labor unions as well. The idea is to paint the enemy with the face of evil so as not to have to debate his actual arguments:
When a woman's first pregnancy results in triplets which of the three children would you deny health and education benefits?
What Rogers is describing is Scandanavian socialism which actually enables certain freedoms denied to Americans due to inability to pay. For instance fathers of newborns are paid to stay home and assist the mothers in caring for the infants. Things like universal health care and retirement support actually work to limit the number of pregnancies. In poor societies where everyone must rely on the extended family for health care and old age support then women are pressured to maximize the number of children born.
Toby Kelsey: If I could express the thoughts that are bouncing around in my brain, I would have written your post. I think you are right on the money.
This sounds great in theory but if Pigovian taxes restrict economic activity to flows only, there IS no economic system, at least for billions. Perhaps that was your unspoken intent. In a word, I think what you propose would work, but between here and there might be a revolution. Less than 10% of our energy is currently 'flow based', and none of it liquid fuels. There would need to be some sort of transition period. All the 'good answers' to current crisis require more pain for pretty much all sectors of OECD nations - accepting greater short term pain for long term benefit is not how we are wired so acknowledging this necessity by politicians has to happen before any of these neat theories can germinate.