A lot of the salmon already go to feed mammals and birds (both before and after spawning).  Bears and such remove the nutrients from the streams and deposit them on land; they eventually wash back out again, but that's part of a loop, not a one-way traffic.

If we caught the fish, ate them and cycled the nutrients back to fields, we could build phosphorus stores on land.  Our biggest problem at this time may be keeping the oceans productive enough to have the salmon return.

The health of the oceans is a huge concern, right now it looks pretty grim, but not hopeless. I'm all for the return loops you mention, the more the better that is for sure. What I was pointing up was that it is very unlikely we could use the sources you indicated to replace the accessible phosphorus stores at near the rate we are now depleting them.