Stories tagged with "lasers"

Other Methods of Breaking Rock

I thought that this week we would expand the horizon of these talks a little, and talk about the general philosophy of breaking rock, since the extraction of fossil fuel requires more than just the drilling of holes. I’m going to give a couple of further examples of the benefits of breaking rock out into big bits, and then I’ll describe some of the more exotic methods that have been tried.

For those who are just passing through, on Sundays I post on some technical aspect of the extraction of fossil fuels, so that those of us that are concerned about their future declining production can understand some of the issues that are involved in extraction. One can find a list of recent posts by clicking on "Tech Talk" at the top of the Oil Drum entry screen, or by clicking on this link tech talk. The last post was on Energy Costs in Drilling, which was meant to leave you with the conclusion that the bigger (in general) you can break the rock out in pieces, then the more efficient it will be. So let me give a couple of examples of this. The first is in mining blocks of limestone in Indiana, and the second quarrying granite (perhaps for Paradise) in Sardinia.

In both cases there is a market for the large pieces that are produced, and thus the alternate advantages of just drilling lots of holes, partially filling them with explosive, and then breaking the rock out into a lot of small pieces is offset by the sales price of the end product. So say you wanted to mine these large pieces, you could take an extra-large chain saw, and cut a set of horizontal slices into the face of the rock at the end of the tunnel.


Rock saw used for slotting rock. It can turn either vertical as here, or horizontal and can have metal teeth (as this one) or small pads of diamond grit set along the chain – depending on the rock it is cutting.

Energy costs are becoming more critical

Well it is that time of year again, and I've just spent an hour or so sweeping the chimney and cleaning the stove. Getting ready to start heating "the old-fashioned way" is a very long way from earlier this week when I walked around the exhibition at Fabtech, the largest metal forming trade show in North America. There were robots welding, pipes bending, punches thudding, waterjets cutting and 6 kW lasers carving out samples from metal plates. It was one of those places where, if so inclined, you could watch fascinating displays almost all day (and I did). But it led me very quickly to thinking about the energy that is now consumed in manufacturing, as we have moved from getting things hand-made by the blacksmith down at the forge, to where the entire process can be robot-operated, without human touch. This change has been one of those steps that keep North America ahead in a time of global markets and much cheaper labor elsewhere. But that change, and the power of many systems today, has rarely, `til recently, had to consider the cost of energy, as a significant part of the operational expense.

That now is changing, and energy costs are already having an impact that goes outside the more obvious ones of driving less, or turning down the thermostat. Anecdotally one hears that the National Glass Center in Sunderland is closing four of its furnaces, because of the rising price of natural gas. That's one way to cope with the increase in cost, simply stop doing what you were, or at least at the same level. But as the entire economy becomes a victim, long-term that is not going to help.