Offshore drilling: a few useful facts

Hat tip: Climate Progress and Jerome's dKos Diary.

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) recently did a detailed study of the likely outcome of offshore drilling for their Annual Energy Outlook 2007, “Impacts of Increased Access to Oil and Natural Gas Resources in the Lower 48 Federal Outer Continental Shelf (OCS).” The sobering conclusion:

The projections in the OCS access case indicate that access to the Pacific, Atlantic, and eastern Gulf regions would not have a significant impact on domestic crude oil and natural gas production or prices before 2030.

And the impact of the projected 7% (!) increase in lower-48 oil production that might result in 2030 thanks to opening the OCS is … wait for it …

… any impact on average wellhead prices is expected to be insignificant.

Also be sure to check out Andrew Leonard's piece on offshore drilling too.

I am amused.

Look at the graphs of production and you will see that in all cases at the history/projection line, they reverse very very settp declines into very very steep increases. Where are they getting that?

Now, imagine in your mind that instead of reversing those very very steep declines, the declines continue. There is a pretty good reason to think that the declines will continue as there are no particular projects going on that would reverse the declines. You will pretty clearly see that in both the cases of natural gas and crude, by the time the outer shelf production comes online, it is *not* a 7% difference, it's a *100%* difference. Simply put, it'll be the only oil and natural gas we make. I'd call that pretty bleeding significant.

The government eventually opened up the Naval Petroleum Reserve at Tea Pot Dome, Wyoming for development. The remaining blocks containing potential hydrocarbons offshore and in the Rocky Mtns. might be offered in the future, block by block, so as to give the American people access to hydrocarbons and better prices for the lands the oil companies who might bid to lease from the Federal government and might pay production royalties for, in addition to creating jobs, and payroll taxes. It would not be harmful to open some lands, nor in the public's interest to flood the market with leases up for bid all at once as this wouold cause the public to lose fair market value for mineral leases within its public lands.

Ah, but significant to whom? Perhaps the company with access to that oil, but that is what the motivation here is (beyond the political pandering).

Note the relative amounts of "undiscovered" oil and gas which will be "unleashed" by removing restrictions:

And, as reported by Grist

Amy Myers Jaffe, energy studies fellow at the James Baker Institute for Public Policy of Rice University, testified that the country needs to diversify its fuel sources, noting that in the '70s, the United States stopped relying on oil for electricity and home heating. The same needs to be done for automobiles, she said, which use the bulk of the oil consumed in the country today. And in order to diversify, companies are going to have to invest in research and development, she said, citing a report that found that the five largest oil companies spend very little on R&D each year -- less than half of what General Motors or Microsoft does, she said.

Myers Jaffe also rebutted the folks who are lobbying for the government to allow oil and gas drilling in new offshore areas and places like the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, noting that oil companies aren't spending money on exploration in the places they're already allowed to drill.

According to the USGS (Assessment of Undiscovered Technically Recoverable Oil and Gas Resources of the Nation's Outer Continental Shelf. 2006 Update), one third of the undiscovered offshore oil is in Alaska:

Also, the average discovery rate in the Gulf of Mexico is 3.2 new proven fields per year with a median field size of 0.3 MMBO so I doubt that this 44.92 Gb of yet-to-be-find will generate significant flow rates.

"Now, imagine in your mind that instead of reversing those very very steep declines, the declines continue. There is a pretty good reason to think that the declines will continue as there are no particular projects going on that would reverse the declines. You will pretty clearly see that in both the cases of natural gas and crude, by the time the outer shelf production comes online, it is *not* a 7% difference, it's a *100%* difference. Simply put, it'll be the only oil and natural gas we make. I'd call that pretty bleeding significant."

Which is why the focus should not be on drilling at all. But on producing a meaningful supply of alternative energies by 2030.

If alternatives worth mentioning existed then I would be inclined to agree with you. As they don't however, the flat spot on the decline curve that opening up for drilling now would make 10 years out just may be the breathing room the makes the difference between life and death.

It isn't like we have anything better to do with the drill rigs.

It isn't like we have anything better to do with the drill rigs.

Other than working over the existing well stock, and drilling sidetracks or infills in existing patterns. Otherwise you'd be looking at an extra 5-10% decline per year.

Fear not! My 11 year old son is working on a nuclear-powered car battery that will hold a charge for one hundred years... And if that fails (he's a little short on the plutonium to run some tests), there's always the Big Fella in the sky to save the day!

Regards, Matt B
Smiling though gritted teeth.

Actually, there is such a thing as a nuclear-powered battery:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_battery

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7843868

Unfortunately, there's not much chance of buying one at your local Wal-Mart just yet.

"any impact on average wellhead prices is expected to be insignificant."

That is incredibly short-sighted thinking. It completely misses the reality that the more dear oil becomes, the more important each additional marginal barrel of oil becomes.

This is like saying, "we don't have enough food now, so we won't try to grow anymore becasue it won't completely solve the problem of hunger." Or, "If we can't save everybody, then we shouldn't save anybody."

Its insane, really.

actually this is more like them saying "this isn't really going to save anybody, so let's not waste our resources on it, let's use our resorces on something that will save at least a few of us: Renewable Energy"

By your logic we should stop using any oil immediately because this would bring 100% focus on alteratives and solve the problem faster.

Meanwhile, are you going to eat your children?

pretty sure that's not what he said... he said we should stop drilling, not stop using oil... literacy has it's perks, look into it...

The models which see little price difference from opening up all of Alaska and offshore to drilling are assuming a larger amount of oil from other sources than will be available.

First, we have the decline in oil production which will be far along by 2020.

Then we have the far bigger decline in net exports.

Combine those two and ANWR and US offshore drilling become a far larger fraction of what we'll have available in 2020-2030.

Of course it would have no effect on prices or aggregate supply. That was never the point. The point is: a decent-size offshore find, in the realm of 1 billion barrels recoverable at low cost/high EROI, would have a BIG EFFECT on the profitability of the US oil company that found it.

I have to disagree that 250kbbl/day for 12 years would be insignificant. That EIA graph is pure fantasy. It would require California and the Eastern GOM just to flatten the curve. The rise shown just isn't going to happen. Somebody upthread claimed the new areas could double offshore production in 2030. I thinks that's a pessimistic take on existing areas, but I can't see the new areas being less than 25 or 30% by then. Which we flippin' need to eg run the diesel worktrains for the electrification projects.

Econguy--
Exactly my analysis.
It may in fact lead to a degraded environment, and a negative impact for most people.
But for the "developer", big financial plus. That is why we have lobbyists and politicians for sale to the highest bidder.

I found this at Jerome's diary above. Interesting, methinks.

http://www.calitics.com/showDiary.do?diaryId=6227

CA-46: Debbie Cook on Bush-McCain-Rohrabacher Offshore Drilling Lunacy

Democratic Congressional Candidate Debbie Cook's statement on proposals to lift the ban on offshore oil drilling:

"There has been a lot of talk in the last couple of days about lifting the ban on drilling for oil along the coast. Dana Rohrabacher, John McCain and today President Bush have joined in a chorus of "drill, drill, drill," as if that will solve our energy problems.

"Time is not on our side, and continuing to divert our attention away from the real problem is a disservice to our citizens and a failure of leadership.

"World oil production has been flat for three years. America's oil refineries are configured to refine light sweet crude and are currently operating at 88% capacity and paying a premium for this short supply. There is no point for the Middle East, the only region that may have spare capacity, to increase production of heavy sour crudes until new refineries are built or existing refineries have been modified.

"Three fourths of the world's oil and gas wells have already been drilled in North America. Our continent is so heavily explored that it looks like swiss cheese. Eighty percent of the oil available on the Outer Continental Shelf is already open to leasing and drilling. Will opening the remaining 20 percent make any difference when it takes 5-10 years to bring any new oil discoveries to market?

"Perhaps we should just call the President's bluff, sell off the leases and then get on with the real work ahead of us, leaving fossil fuels before they leave us.

"The world economy depends upon the flow of oil, not the oil that remains in the ground. The fact is, more than 50 nations are now past their peak in oil production: Mexico, Norway, UK, USA, Russia, perhaps even Saudi Arabia to name a few. If you use ExxonMobil's estimate for the decline rate from these existing wells (-6%), then from now until 2017, we need to find and develop 37 million barrels per day of additional crude production just to stay even with what we consume today. That assumes no growth in demand for oil. That is the equivalent of finding FOUR Saudi Arabias. Does anyone think we have overlooked resources of that size and quality?

"George Bush and Dana Rohrabacher's failure to understand the fundamental economics and geology of oil and gas production is matched only by their failures as leaders.

"The true solution to our energy problems starts with conservation efforts, and investment in alternative and sustainable energy sources, which will create new American industries and jobs and jumpstart the sluggish economy."

No chance for that woman to get elected. She just doesn’t have the requisite imbecility gene that allows one to tell the voters what they want to hear while ignoring the consequences. To bad.

for christmas, I'm going to ask santa not to get me any presents, but to make this woman the president of the US

Im there. No presents this year.

Don't underestimate me. I will give my opponent a run for his money and raise awareness in the process. Want to help? debbiecookforcongress.com

Following that link you had I found this:

oil companies have millions of acres of land with supposed oil deposits and untapped wells already under their control, but they're not rushing to drill or explore them. Why? Because tracts that show up as "untapped oil reserves" are more profitable if they remain untapped. They inflate the stock price, the result of which goes directly into the execs' wallets. And the corporations use them as an asset without having to actually see whether or not there is any oil in the deposits.

Is this true? Is this sort of data listed somewhere publicaly, so I just go look at it?

Also known as "the shell game" or "3 card monte."

I was thinking the same thing. Where is this 68 million acres of unexplored leased area and WHY?

Pete

Schwarzenegger Against Bush On Oil Drilling

"...Offshore oil drilling threatens America/s $60 billion coastal economy, and we certainly don't need to lift the moratoria to allow new leases when the oil companies hold 68 million acres of undeveloped leases," [Barbara]Boxer said.

I'm starting to get the feeling that it won't be too much longer before MS starts detailing a lot of what you guys and gals talk about here. Which is fine by me.

Regards, Matt B
Frustrated fence-sitter (though, think now there's a foot in the PO boat).

The true solution to our energy problems starts with conservation efforts, and investment in alternative and sustainable energy sources, which will create new American industries and jobs and jumpstart the sluggish economy."

Does anyone else believe we can find an alternative that doesn't already exist that will fill the void left by declining oil production?? I don't believe this statmement on it face value..

Dearth of Deep-Sea Drilling Ships Hinders Offshore Oil Search

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/19/business/19drillship.html?partner=rssy...

Drill here, drill now -- Pay less.

I suppose we could always discover a large find like Brazil did. Actually Brazil discovered two oil finds, totalling over 30 billion barrels if I recall correctly.

I find these government reports to be full of political gibberish and pandering and not much fact. The IBD did their own analysis and found that there are about 118 billion barrels that could be tapped if drilling were opened. As to the refrain that it will do no good NOW, that's just stupidity trying to convince the ignorant to buy a failed policy of the Democrats. If Bill Clinton had signed the ANWR drill bill in 1995, there would be another 1 million barrels of oil per day in the market.

A good source of independent data is the Institute of Energy Research. They have a real interesting chart in the article here

,

which debunks the Democrats claim that there are plenty of place to drill. The big drop off in offshore leases is when the current law was enacted.

If reducing CO2 is your worship, then nuclear is your savior.

Link your article correctly...

Proven reserves stand at about 25 billion barrels in the USA. Anything else is pure speculation. Even ANWR.

More drilling is not the answer. We all know that...because what happens when we drilled everywhere in 50 years???

Cheers for that. And if Republicans had listened to oil experts like Boone Pickens they'd know drilling won't amount to a hill of beans worth of difference.

The Investor's Business Daily? Get real.

Institute for Energy Research???? Independent????

http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research

The Institute for Energy Research (IER), founded in 1989 from a predecessor non-profit organisation, advocates positions on environmental issues which happen to suit the energy industry: climate change denial, claims that conventional energy sources are virtually limitless, and the deregulation of utilities.

It is a member of the Sustainable Development Network. The IER's President was formerly Director of Public Relations Policy at Enron.

and

http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id=115

IER analyzes public policy related to oil, gas, coal, and electricity. According to IER's mission statement, it "articulates free-market positions that respect private property rights and promote efficient outcomes for energy consumers and producers."

IER President Robert Bradley is a Cato Institute scholar and received the 2002 Julian Simon Award from CEI. One of Bradley's areas of concentration is "global warming alarmism." IER does not publish reports, but sells publications Bradley has written for other organizations, such as the Cato Institute. These publications include "Climate Alarmism Reconsidered" (Institute of Economic Affairs, 2003) and "Renewable Energy: Not Cheap, Not 'Green'" (Cato, 1997).

FUNDING

Institute for Energy Research has received $212,000 from ExxonMobil since 1998.

Finally, do you think that low oil prices from the mid-80's through the 90s had absolutely nothing to do with low exploration efforts?

Anybody know what seismic dataset these guys are using? I thought that with the ban came an end to any seismic. If I remember correctly that was in the 70's. It would be nice to get out there with some big 3d and see what's really out there.

Looking through the EIA's Offshore Development Policy in the United States I don't see anything about restriction on exploration, unless perhaps it violated the clause in the Endangered Species Act concerning "harassment." As much as the companies spend to lease these blocks, you'd figure they'd have some freedom in their actions:

MMS collects about $6 billion dollars on average in revenue each year from the individuals and companies that lease offshore lands for natural gas and oil development.

Yea - but who would go through the expense of sending a 3D seismic ship out there if drilling is banned. I have never heard of a 3D ship working out there. I'm just sayin' if these datasets are from the 70's then there is possibly much more oil out there. You could still pick some good spots from the 2D data - and those would be the leases to buy. But with a modern survey- and directional drilling- I'm sure there is more to be had.

Your last comment seems a little overly optimistic/hopeful.

Looking at available data/statistics/trends, it would be just as easy for anyone to say 'I'm sure there isn't more to be had'.

No there isn't - if this dataset they are using is from the 70's then there is much more oil to find. 3D has proven to be much more effective in finding deposits. They keep on finding plays in the GOM don't they? Why don't we just shoot this region and find out what's out there? The Georgia coast looks like the perfect place.

Just to sum it up- the data is from the 70's- the old school days with dynamite sources and analog recording. Lets get out there and do it for real!

Don't we have people who consistently are presenting rapidly declining oil production projections ?

Also, many people here have not previously thought much of EIA projections when the numbers disagreed with the declining scenarios.


How about the EIA projection to 2030 that if the right climate change bills are passed that there would be massive nuclear power available ?

There also the EIA projections for ANWR
http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/servicerpt/anwr/results.html

Bush is proposing opening ANWR and the continental shelf and allowing shale development.

I do not see why the doom and gloomers (who want the doom to not be so bad) on oil would not want to see the attempt made to make the declines less sharp. Unless all doom and gloomers want choices that will increase the doom and gloom.

So are all EIA projections and statistics to be believed ?
Do those who believe their will be decline believe that all attempts to increase supply and reduce demand should be made ? If not then why ?

According to your link on EIA projections, the ANWR will contribute about 1 million barrels per day to US production after 2018, but the real surprise is for the onshore production.

The EIA says that by 2030 onshore production will remain almost the same as today due to use of CO2 injection in old fields. This is very much wishful thinking as many older fields may not have the proper strata for CO2 to work, and secondly what about the huge infrastructure and operational cost of getting this CO2 gas to the proper fields? Always a rosy picture from the EIA!

Also, many people here have not previously thought much of EIA projections when the numbers disagreed with the declining scenarios.

That's the best part of this. The study is from the eternal optimists, the bunch who projected future production based on what the demand was predicted to be -- and who uses CERA data for the estimates for other countries.

So if the EIA are optimists, what does that make Bush, McCain, and the Republicans who have been pounding the drill, drill, drilling will save us drum?

Extra shallow politicians?

Ironic that such shallow people are discussing how we need to lay up to 28k feet of pipe. 3.5 billion USD to get 125 kbpd out of Tahiti. This is what you might call dribs and drabs.

MMS Offshore Home, for the curious. Also a must read for newbs: The Illusion of Vast Undeveloped U.S. Oil Resources