(Still) Waiting for the Crash in Commodities

Waiting for the Crash in Commodities:
The bull market in commodities, now in its fifth year, is beginning to challenge the laws of physics. Prices as measured by the Reuters/Jefferies CRB Index have not staged a rally this long in more than 50 years.
As someone said elsewhere, "the inability of economists to grasp the finite nature of non-renewable commodities never ceases to amaze me." Discuss.
Good Heavens! They're foolish enough to talk about a "strong dollar"!
To be fair, they could only find one person foolish enough to expect a stronger dollar (maybe the interview was done a year ago and forgotten about?)
I would have thought that believing higher prices create more oil in the ground would be a challenge (and a pretty weak one) to the laws of physics.
But no, apparently the lines on a chart have mass and are drawn toward its base by the curvature of space-time.
Who knew?
From the article:

"We live in crazy days," said Juan Eduardo Herrera, vice-president of strategy at Codelco, the world's biggest copper producer. "These prices are not here to stay and nowadays they are causing more harm than good to everybody."

When the major real market (i.e. the physical metal) people say things like that it behooves everyone to pay attention.

That's because of the old rule of thumb that profits cause competition and outrageous profits cause ruinous competition. He's terrified that everybody and his brother will open copper mines and crash the market...as is usually the case at the end of (and causing the end of) every commodity boom.
How very true...recent example closer to home: bandwidth and telecom eqpt. Take a look at  this:
The prices of copper are causing more harm than good to Chile because the Chilenean Peso is getting stronger so, the overall competitivenes of their economy is going down.
The bull market in commodities...is beginning to challenge the laws of physics.

yeah, right. just take your mediacation and everthing will be just fine.

and thanks to this apparent "bubble" in commodity prices, the recent pull-back in crude prices found an intraday floor of $68.51 before moving back above $70 again.

Man Group's executive president and head of global metals, Fred Demler, believes a stronger US dollar will cause prices for most commodities to decline. "And when prices do fall, it will be the correction of all corrections."

stronger US dollar???
correction of all corrections???
i'm sure this would be an outcome that many with vested interests would love to see, but this is surely only possible if the US economy completely melts down.
Excellent point on the medication. The bull market is challenging the laws of economics (are there any apart from greed is good?), the price of oil is just matching the laws of geology and physics (and politics at the moment). Economics cannot create oil. Geology dictates what you can extract from the ground.

There is no Law of Bull Markets in Physics as far as I know.

O.K., I should let sleeping dogs lie, but I am on a long weekend from the only club that pays me to show up (my employer) so why not have a few provacative blows at this topic...

>O.K., let's try real hard to find the cause of this commodities boom, could it be, oh let's see....trying to bring almost two billion people from an animal/people powered society into the modern era in a decade time span? (China/India)....could it be that we came off a commodities collapse in the 1980's early 1990's, so that gold is still cheaper in adjusted inflation terms than it was in the 1970's?  Could it be that investors who have gotten their clock cleaned on successive bubbles from the S&L crash (housing collapse?  I remember the 1980's....I laugh at housing collapses....HA, HA, HA,:-O), to the internet "tech bubble" crash, to the Euro bubble, to....yep, you got it...someone told them to go "with the hard assets, the metals, the oils, we will always need those (true enough, but when the value of money exchanged on these items begins to wildly exceed the world value of these items, something is getting ready to happen....but, money has to go somewhere, and where to put it?  You try to choose, and remember, historically it's not been such a great idea to buy items at historic highs  (oil, gas, commodities are getting closer to the all time top)

Let's admit it, the commodities bubble is just that, a bubble, and it shows signs of collapsing even bigger and sooner than the housing bubble...only two wild card holds them this high and that is China/India.  Most stats show that if you take these two out, the efficiency of production/use/recycling of commodities has improved in the developed world, and demand has not really risen appreciably.  Energy consumption in the U.S. for example has went down, not up, as a percent of GDP...

Which brings us to this dollar thing....I am going to go out on a limb here and say the dollar is not that bad of a bet.

I know, I know, all bets are that a MASSIVE currency collapse is coming, that we will have panic in the street as even hookers and Starbucks will turn down dollars  (my creditors are still accepting them, however), and the dollar will fall to nothing compared to.....(???), and there's the rub....compared to what?

Ohhh, that's right, the mighty Euro, the currency of a..."group" (??) of nations several of whom have recently renounced it's own charter....founded by a nation whom, along with it's biggest most powerful neighbor and fellow member run constantly out of complience with all the groups own memoranda of understanding on budget deficits, currency valuation, work rules and interest rates...a group with an aging demographic that is sure to be a greater burden on it's social system than even the U.S. Social Security system faces...and that is, as a percentage of GNP, a bigger importer of oil and gas than the U.S., and with it's only "internal" oil and gas supply dropping like a stone, and with a Muslim minority far greater than that of the U.S., and far more militant and directly connected to the "struggles" for Islamic and Arabic "liberation" than that in the United States.....THE EURO???? !!!!!!

BUT THE CHINESE!!  They are coming after us, don't ya' know....of course, they have their own energy woes, and not only that, are driven by exports to....well, mostly us, despite attempts to diversify, because the EU does not fancy being buried in cheap Chinese plastic items after all....and the above mentioned rise in commodity prices mean those cheap plastic items are not so cheap after all....

As I sit typing this, I have the local news on TV, here in central Kentucky....where Toyota is announcing expansion of it's large modern plant in Georgetown KY to build the Camry Hybrid, where Honda is looking at Southern Indiana or Ohio to expand Civic production, and where UPS is expanding before even it's last expansion is finished to cope with increasing air freight to and from the aforementioned China.  Now one assumes that Honda and Toyota, selling cars in the U.S., and China, selling everything from Christmas cards to auto and truck brakes in the U.S., fully intend to take payment in....dollars, maybe?

I look at the stock charts....I should have bought oil and gas stocks, right?
Well, only if I ignore Cummins Engine, Caterpiller, and Deere&Co, who have went anywhere from double to triple in the last 3 to 5 years, BEFORE you count dividend reinvestment....who'd a thunk it?

One more thing....try to avoid the phrase "peak everything".  It is a clear violation of the terms of true "Peak" and simply makes no sense  (peak aluminum?  It's recycleable material, and is still cheap enough that you don't even see the homeless and poor out walking the highway to pick up cans...peak iron or steel?  Demand is high yes, but Australia alone has enough to provide for a century, they just don't have enough manpower to get it out fast enough...."peak everything" makes those concerned about the real issue of peak oil or "oil and gas depletion" sound silly by association, and borders on "Chicken Little syndrome".

Folks, the depletion of oil and gas are real issues, and deserving of hard, HARD work on replanning our energy system, conservation, and applied engineering.  We may need to work on getting a grip here and trying to stay a bit more on topic.

Roger Conner  known to you as ThatsItImout

Funny how you choose the only two commodities, iron and aluminium, that are still in very good supply to make your point.

<Funny how you choose the only two commodities, iron and aluminium, that are still in very good supply to make your point.>

Right, as opposed to say Gold, Silver or Platinum, which of course are in short supply because no one bothers to recycle them but just throws them in the landfill...

I grew up on the poor side of the tracks where in the old days of copper plumbing, you were careful who you rented to or they would tear that out of the house and sell it for scrap....

Roger Conner  known to you as ThatsItImout

Dear TII/RC,

You are spot on. Call a spade a spade and let the masses froth at the mouth. When prices depart vertically from facts it's time to piss against the wind. You will get wet for a while, no doubt, but soon it will be the crowd that will look for umbrellas.

Oil Fact (just one): The daily volume of oil and oil product futures traded in NYMEX and ICE (ex-IPE) alone, currently exceeds global daily oil exports by a factor of 10-to-1. When you add the spot market and the OTC derivatives the ratio gets much bigger. Last year it was 5-to-1; I don't know where the ratio was at the bottom of 1998, but I would guess alot lower. We are getting drowned in paper oil.  

So what? The volume of other derivatives traded (foreign exchange and interest rate contracts)outstrips the volume of the underlying assets to a vastly greater extent than with oil. Who cares?
Currencies, bonds, stocks, etc. are not commodities, though they do trade in futures exchanges. Comparison between the two is completely inappropriate and irrelevant. Think of just this: currencies are units of measurement, not goods themselves.
Currencies have value. Commodities have value. Under our economic system, the distinction you make is no more than a phantom of the mind.
We can print increasingly large amounts of money, and have. We can mine increasingly large amounts of metal, and haven't. It's going to take a while for the copper mines to increase enough to make up for the way the dollars have been increasing. Figure on a lag time of five years minimum, and that's assuming that we don't do something really, really, stupid, like fight a war with the Moslem world.
Currencies are a means of measuring and thus exchanging values. They have no inherent utility value themselves; that has been so for ages.
This is only true of Fiat money.  If we remained on the gold standard or any hybrid with silver, their would be implied value (i.e. dollar for set amount of gold).
Well, of course. Gold or silver currency is just...gold or silver.
Where on the financial pages can I find a list of utility values (in your sense)?
Utility values are derived by any given person in the absence of money.  So if there were utility values published I think they would be completely open to interpretation.  
Nowhere. That is the point.
So why should I worry about them, if I am interested in what the oil price will be? And why should I be concerned about the high volume of trading in derivatives of oil contracts?
You will need an understanding of derivatives and wikipedia is great for that.  Basically derivates have created a lot of "stuff on paper".  Businesses engage in off balance sheet activities like credit swaps where two companies basically swap credit access so on net they are both better off, but barely.  Bur barely when talking about billion of dollars, turns into a lot.  So when we are trading 10 times the amount of oil available, it shouldn't take much more to figure out the consequences.
My question was a rhetorical one. I cannot for the life of me see why the price of oil should be likely to fall sharply, just because more futures and derivatives of oil are traded than there is physical oil being delivered.
I see you're point.  I think futures trading may have sped up the price increases a little faster and now that the long term implications are becoming more and more clear, the futures traders are going to make that much more money as they ride this down.
Because when there is a sudden rush to close open positions in futures and other derivatives and the "paper" stuff overwhelms the "real" stuff 10-to-1 there is no demand for the excess from the physical trade (eg hedging) and therefore a plunge ensues. Since prices for the "real" stuff today get set to a very large extent by marking to the futures market (the tail wagging the dog) the price of physical "stuff" collapses as well.

The game can be played from the other direction as well, of course; and it has been - oh boy has it ever...

But back to the original point, what hellasious describes most likely won't happen as the finite nature of oil will become too large to ignore.
Your answer would explain a strong movement of the price in any direction. But it does not address my question, because
  1. You still have to show empirically that trading has actually become more volatile with the growth in derivatives volume. By the way, I doubt this is true.
  2. You have not shown why we should in the near future expect a sudden rush to close open positions.
Emperically volatility in the current market is actually at it's lowest levels in decades.  I can't find the right chart though.  I will keep looking.  

There will be no suden rush to close position due to the finite nature of oil. I think most people here would agree that there will be no price collapse sans some unforseen catastrophic event that produces more oil.

I'm sorry, but at this point I respectfully suggest you refer to a good book relating to the basics of commodities futures and options trading. The questions you pose indicate you are unfamiliar with most all basics and while I would be otherwise inclined to provide such an education I am afraid the medium is not appropriate.

Sincerely,
Hellasious

Well, if the medium is not appropriate, you could at least refer the readership here to a good book relating to the basics of oil futures trading. I think that would suffice for providing such an education.
Whenever you want to learn anything head on over to wikipedia.com  It may not be completely accurate it will provide a very thorough basic foundation for most queries.
Any search in your favorite internet bookseller will turn up dozens of books - pick whichever you like best. Alternatively, if you want to get more serious about this, NY Inst. of Finance has several appropriate courses. Again, this site is obviously not the medium for commodities training, so I must take a pass at providing it myself, here.

There is a comment further below about all the futures contracts being used for hedging and therefore their current huge volume is immaterial. That is false for two reasons:

  1. Hedging involves the transfer of risk: futures trading is a zero sum game. If you win, I lose. So, if you are a producer and sell 1.000 oil contracts short to hedge from its price going down someone else has to assume that risk. That someone is called a speculator. A market needs both, otherwise it cannot function. There are plenty of speculators in this market. How many?

  2. Assume that every single barrel of oil that was produced and exported in the world was hedged daily. That's some 50 million barrels, or 50.000 contracts in the futures market(1.000 barrels each). The current daily volume in NYMEX and ICE in futures alone is abt. 700.000 contracts (including gasoline, htg oil, etc). Adjust for Sat. and Sun. and it comes to 500.000/day. That is extremely excessive vs. every conceivable hedging requirement and a good measure of just how rampant speculation is in this market, right now. And that is before we take into account the regular OTC spot oil market, listed options and other OTC derivatives. This market is hot and frothy that we should call it..cappuccino.

There are a heck of alot more dots to connect to show the full picture, but I have already taken up way too much space, for which I hope you forgive me.
Fair enough. What is the daily volume of Nymex/Ice oil futures trading, excluding all the refined/distilled products such as the the gasoline and home heating oil you mention?

I agree that speculation is certainly influencing the current market. I am just not convinced that it is either hugely significant or necessarily a bad thing.

Can you provide some simple historical data so that one might compare the current level to the year 2000? 1995?

Just the crude oil is currently abt. 570.000 contracts/day or 410.000/day adjusting for Sat. and Sun. You should not deduct the products however, since they all come from the same barrel of oil. But it is still huge, even if you do deduct them. In 2000 it was around 180.000 and in 1995 around 120.000 - both oil only and adjusted for Sat and Sun.

Rampant speculation is extremely significant in shaping prices (just remember dotcoms) and as to good or bad, it depends. Extremes such as these are never "good", in that it is never a good idea to let the tail wag the dog. Or allow Enron (and several Wall Street prop desks) to set prices for electricity in CA - if I may draw an extremely timely parallel.

It is very possible that every contract relates to a real barrel of oil. I cannot see how it could come to pass that there were more contracts than barrels. If 410000 contracts are sold per day then that translates to 410 million barrels. World oil consumption 83 million barrels so about 5 to 1. However the same contract could be easily sold 5 times in a day. This is the cause of the high trading volume. Look at share volumes.. Since the internet boom volumes have risen dramatically however the total number of shares issued in some companies hasn't changed. Furthermore, it is likely that it is because due to the very low spare capacity, oil has to be incredibly efficiently delivered around the world, this means that at any one moment one refinery might need more or less from different suppliers but overall there is very little room for mistakes, resulting in contracts changing hands on a very regular basis.
Oops sorry i'm being foolish. We are talking about futures contracts so there are 72 days worth of contracts at one time, ie 83 million * 72 = approx 6 billion barrels. If 410 million barrels worth are traded daily that is 14% of total contracts. This level of activity is required for the logistical reasons quoted above as well as speculation.
Why not ask the powers-that-be at TOD if you can put together a guest post on the topic?
A guest post from a pump-and-dump (or in this case, short-and-dump)artist? That'll be a first!
Get back to me when you think of answers, eh, Mr. Expert?
Who cares if derivatives oustrip phys assets, most expire anyway and simply used as a hedge during their life.